Otomatisasi Alat Peraga Praktikum Fisika Dasar Bandul Matematis

Izza, Elinda Nurul (2023) Otomatisasi Alat Peraga Praktikum Fisika Dasar Bandul Matematis. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Kegiatan praktikum merupakan salah satu kegiatan yang dapat menunjang pemahaman dan kemampuan mahasiswa dalam memahami teori yang telah dipelajari. Fisika merupakan salah satu ilmu yang dipelajari bukan hanya menekankan pada pembelajaran teori tapi juga pembelajaran praktik. Salah satu materi dari fisika dasar yang membutuhkan kegiatan praktikum ialah materi gerak harmonik sederhana. Dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan praktikum sering kali terjadi kesalahan dalam pembacaan sudut simpangan yang diukur atau diberikan secara manual sehingga memperngaruhi proses perhitungan percepatan gravitasi yang sedang dicari. Dari permasalahan tersebut, pada penelitian tugas akhir ini dirancang otomatisasi alat peraga praktikum fisika dasar bandul matematis. Dimana pada penelitian ini sistem otomatisasi terletak pada pergerakan bandul yang digerakan dengan motor dc dan tiang magnetic lock. Pergerakan dari motor dc diatur melalui GUI dengan menekan tombol “Motor +5” untuk menggerakan motor dc senilai 5° searah jarum jam, dan tombol “Motor -5” untuk menggerakan motor kembali ke posisi semula yaitu 0°, tombol “Lepas” untuk menonaktifkan magnetic lock. Pada penelitian ini, motor dc dapat bergerak dengan maksimal sudut simpangan sebesar 75°, dengan variasi massa bandul sebanyak 4 variasi (111,6-gram, 92,1-gram, 123,3-gram dan 153,8-gram), serta variasi sudut simpangan sebanyak 5 nilai yaitu 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, 30°. Dari pengujian pergerakan motor dc melalui serial monitor serta GUI hasil yang didapat yakni performansi motor dc memiliki nilai error sebesar 0°. Untuk pengujian gerak osilasi bandul dengan perhitungan nilai periode getaran dengan dua rumus berbeda memiliki rata-rata perbedaan hasil perhitungan periode getaran sebesar 0.443 detik, dimana perbedaan perhitungan nilai periode getaran dipengaruhi oleh timer yang ada pada GUI memiliki delay time sebesar ±0,376 detik per satu getaran. GUI dapat mengendalikan gerak motor dc dan mengatur aliran yang masuk menuju magnetic lock. Pengukuran sudut simpangan dari rotary encoder belum dapat ditampilkan pada GUI. Sehingga pengukuran banyak getaran dilakukan dengan menekan tombol “1 Getaran” dan mengamati gerak bandul secara manual. Waktu pada GUI berjalan ketika tombol “Lepas” ditekan, data nilai besaran yang ada pada GUI ditampilkan pada tabel listview dan disimpan dengan format txt.
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Practicum activities are one of the activities that can support students' understanding and ability to understand the theory that has been learned. Physics is one of the sciences studied not only emphasizing theoretical learning but also practical learning. One of the materials from basic physics that requires practicum activities is simple harmonic motion material. In the implementation of practicum activities, there are often errors in the reading of the deviation angle measured or given manually, thus affecting the process of calculating the gravitational acceleration that is being sought. From these problems, in this final project research, automation of mathematical pendulum basic physics practicum props was designed. Where in this study the automation system is located in the movement of the pendulum which is driven by a dc motor and a magnetic lock pole. The movement of the dc motor is set through the GUI by pressing the "Motor +5" button to move the dc motor worth 5° clockwise, and the "Motor -5" button to move the motor back to its original position of 0°, the "Lepas" button to disable magnetic lock. In this study, the dc motor can move with a maximum deviation angle of 75°, with a variation in pendulum mass of 4 variations (111.6-gram, 92.1-gram, 123.3-gram and 153.8-gram), as well as variations in the deviation angle of 5 values, namely 10°, 15°, 20°,25°, 30°. From testing the movement of the dc motor through the serial monitor and GUI, the results obtained are that the dc motor performance has an error value of 0°. For testing the motion of pendulum oscillations with the calculation of the value of the vibration period with two different formulas, it has an average difference in the results of the calculation of the vibration period of 0.443 seconds, where the difference in the calculation of the vibration period value is influenced by the time in the GUI has a delay time of ±0,376 seconds. The GUI can control the motion of the dc motor and regulate the incoming flow towards the magnetic lock. Measurements of the deviation angle of the rotary encoder cannot yet be displayed in the GUI. So that the measurement of many vibrations is done by pressing the "1 Getaran" button and observing the motion of the pendulum manually. The time on the GUI runs when the "Lepas" button is pressed, the data of the magnitude value present in the GUI is displayed in the listview table and saved in txt format.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Simple Harmonic Motion, Mathematical Pendulum Automation, dc motor, rotary encoder, Graphical User Interface, Gerak Harmonik Sederhana, Otomatisasi Bandul Matematis, motor dc
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ213 Automatic control.
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Instrumentation Engineering
Depositing User:	Elinda Nurul Izza
Date Deposited:	12 Feb 2023 19:56
Last Modified:	12 Feb 2023 19:56
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/96953

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