STUDI EKSPERIMEN PADA KINERJA TURBIN ANGIN SAVONIUS DENGAN INSTALASI SILINDER SIRKULAR DI DEPAN RETURNING BLADE DAN DI SAMPING ADVANCING BLADE

Saragih, Sergio Devourth Paris (2023) STUDI EKSPERIMEN PADA KINERJA TURBIN ANGIN SAVONIUS DENGAN INSTALASI SILINDER SIRKULAR DI DEPAN RETURNING BLADE DAN DI SAMPING ADVANCING BLADE. Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Indonesia adalah salah satu negara dengan penduduk terpadat di Asia Tenggara, sehingga meningkatkan kebutuhan energi listrik nasional. Pemenuhan kebutuhan energi listrik tersebut masih disuplai oleh batu bara dan bahan bakar minyak sebagai sumber energi utama, di mana diperlukan energi yang lebih bersih seperti penggunaan energi angin. Turbin angin diperlukan untuk mengonversi energi angin tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap turbin angin Savonius, yang digunakan sebagai pengubah energi kinetik angin menjadi energi mekanikal. Turbin angin Savonius memiliki keuntungan dapat dioperasikan pada tip speed ratio (λ) yang rendah, namun memilki efisiensi paling rendah dibandingkan turbin lainnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan guna meningkatkan efisiensi turbin dengan konfigurasi penelitian pertama yaitu dipasangnya silinder sirkular di samping advancing blade, serta konfigurasi penelitian kedua dengan dipasangnya silinder sirkular di samping advancing blade dan di depan returning blade.
Tujuan penelitian ini dicapai dengan dilakukannya penelitian secara eksperimental. Turbin angin Savonius yang digunakan berdiameter sudu (D) sebesar 165,2 mm, tinggi turbin (H) sebesar 295 mm, diameter poros (b) sebesar 19 mm, serta diameter endplate sebesar 333,7 mm. Silinder sirkular yang digunakan sebagai pengontrol pasif aliran memilki rasio (d/D) = 0,5. Silinder sirkular tersebut ditempatkan di samping advancing blade pada jarak (Y/D) 1,37, serta di depan returning blade (S/D) sebesar 1,4. Penelitian dilakukan dengan diivariasikannya kecepatan angin sebesar 5; 6; dan 7 m/s melalui axial fan sebagai sumber angin. Pengukuran performa turbin dilakukan dengan pengukuran torsi dinamis dengan digunakannya brakedynamometer, torsi statis dengan torque meter, serta kecepatan rotasi turbin dengan tachometer.
Hasil diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa penempatan silinder pengganggu di depan returning blade pada konfigurasi 1 efektif meningkatkan nilai coefficient of power pada kecepatan 5 dan 7 m/s. penempatan silinder pengganggu di samping advancing blade pada konfigurasi 2 efektif meningkatkan nilai coefficient of power pada kecepatan 6 m/s walau coefficient of power pada konvensional masih lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan konfigurasi 2. Sedangkan, penempatan silinder pengganggu di samping advancing blade dan di depan returning blade pada konfigurasi 3 efektif meningkatkan coefficient of power pada variasi kecepatan 7 m/s saja.
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Indonesia is one of the most densely populated countries in Southeast Asia, which will be increasing its national electricity demand. However, to meet the electricity demand, it istill supplied by coal and fuel as primary energy sources, where need a cleaner energy source such as wind energy. The wind turbine is required to convert those wind energy. This experiment was run by using a Savonius wind turbine, which is used for converting wind kinetic energy into mechanical energy. The Savonius wind turbine has the advantage is can be operated on a lower tip speed ratio, but has the lowest efficiency rather than other wind turbines. This experiment was conducted for escalating turbine efficiency with the first configuration by the installation of a circular cylinder beside the advancing blade, and the second configuration by the installation of a circular cylinder beside the advancing blade and in front of the returning blade.
The objectives to achieved in this study carried out using experimental method. The Savonius wind turbine that used has a blade diameter (D) of 165.2 mm, a turbine height (H) of 295 mm, a shaft diameter (b) of 19 mm, and an endplate diameter of 333.7 mm. The circular cylinder used as a passive flow controller has a diameter of (d) 82.6 mm or (d/D) = 0.5. The circular cylinder is placed next to the advancing blade at a distance (Y/D) of 1.37 and in front of the returning blade (S/D) of 1.4. The experiment was carried out by varying the wind speed by 5; 6; and 7 m/s through an axial fan as a wind supply. Turbine performance measurement is held out by measuring dynamic torque using a brake dynamometer, static torque using a torque meter, and turbine rotation speed using a tachometer.
The result that was obtained from this research is that the placement of the interfering cylinder in front of the returning blade in configuration 1 effectively increases the coefficient of power at the speed of 5 and 7 m/s. the placement of the interfering cylinder next to the advancing blade in configuration 2 effectively increases the coefficient of power at the speed of 6 m/s even though the coefficient of power of a conventional still much higher than configuration 2. Meanwhile, the placement of the interfering cylinder beside the advancing blade and in front of the returning blade in configuration 3 effectively increases the coefficient of power only at speed variations of 7 m/s.

Item Type:	Thesis (Diploma)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Turbin Angin Savonius, Silinder Pengganggu, Coefficient of Power, Coefficient of Moment, Torsi Statis, Savonius Wind Turbine, Interference Cylinder, Coefficient of Power, Coefficient of Moment, Static Torque
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Sergio Devourth Paris Saragih
Date Deposited:	15 Feb 2023 02:51
Last Modified:	15 Feb 2023 02:51
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/97384

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