Dampak CO-Firing 5% Biomassa Terhadap Efisiensi Boiler PLTU Batu Bara Dan Penurunan Rumah Kaca (Studi Kasus PLTU Pelabuhan Ratu )

Handoyo, Handoyo (2023) Dampak CO-Firing 5% Biomassa Terhadap Efisiensi Boiler PLTU Batu Bara Dan Penurunan Rumah Kaca (Studi Kasus PLTU Pelabuhan Ratu ). Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pada tanggal 17 september tahun 2020 pemerintah memalui Kementrian Energi Dan Sumber Daya Mineral (ESDM) menyampaikan terobosan co-firing biomassa Indonesia dalam Clean Energy Ministerial ke-11. Salah satu program PLTU Pelabuhan Ratu di tahun 2022 adalah co- firing. Boiler PLTU Pelabuhan Ratu didesain dengan menggunakan batu bara dengan nilai kalor 4500- 4700 kcal/kg, Meskipun nilai kalori co-firing biomassa 5 % sebesar 4523 kcal/kg secara ekonomi terlihat menguntungkan, tentunya co-firing akan berdampak pada sisi operasional dan parameter gas buang yang dihasilkan dari proses pembakaran boiler. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan performance test pada load setting gross beban penuh untuk mengetahui konsumsi energi dari bahan bakar (kcal) 5% co-firing terhadap energi listrik yang dihasilkan (kwh). Perhitungan efisiensi boiler dengan standard ASME standart PTC 4.1 menggunakan metode Indirect Method yaitu suatu metode perhitungan efisiensi boiler dengan mengkalkulasikan nilai setiap losses pada sistem boiler.
Didapatkan hasil efisiensi boiler co-firing 5% sebesar 83,49 %, sedangkan dengan 100% batu bara sebesar 83,18 %, dalam hal ini terjadi kenaikan efisiensi boiler namun tidak signifikan sebesar 0,32 %. Gross power output co-firing 5% mengalami penurunan sebesar 2,4 MW. penurunan auixliary power consumption sebesar 0,15 %. Pada penelitian ini NPHR co-firing 5% telah terjadi kenaikan sebesar 15 cal/Kwh. Pemantauan terhadap gas buang dari co-firing 5% biomass dilakukan di alat Chems dengan memantau parameter temperatur, NOx dan SOx didapatkan temperatur gas buang saat co-firing sebesar 152,76 0C dengan 100 % batu bara sebesar 150 oC. Pada co-firing 5% terjadi penurunan kadar SO2 234,00 mg/Nm3; jika dibandingkan dengan menggunakan full batu bara sebesar SO2 273,8 mg/Nm3; NOx;150,03 mg/Nm3; NOx sebesar 176,95 Mg/ Nm3. Emisi gas buang SO2 co-firing rata-rata sebesar 868,1 mg/NM sedangkan dengan menggunakan full Batu bara sebesar 937,76 mg/NM.
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On September 17, 2020, the government through the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM) presented Indonesia's biomass co-firing breakthrough at the 11th Clean Energy Ministerial. One of the PLTU Pelabuhan Ratu programs in 2022 is co-firing. PLTU Pelabuhan Ratu boilers are designed using coal with a calorific value of 4500-4700 kcal/kg, although the calorific value of 5% biomass co-firing of 4523 kcal/kg economically looks favorable, of course, co-firing will have an impact on the operational side and the exhaust gas parameters generated from the boiler combustion process.
In this study, a performance test was carried out at full load gross load setting to determine the energy consumption of fuel (kcal) 5% co-firing to the electrical energy produced (kwh). Calculation of boiler efficiency with ASME standard PTC 4.1 standard using Indirect Method, which is a method of calculating boiler efficiency by calculating the value of each losses in the boiler system. Gross Power Output co-firing 5% decreased by 2.4 MW. decreased Auixliary Power Consumption by 0.15%. Nett Plant Heat rate (NPHR). In this study the NPHR of 5% co-firing has increased by 15 cal/Kwh. Monitoring of the flue gas from co-firing 5% biomass was carried out in the Chems tool by monitoring the parameters of temperature, NOx and SOx obtained flue gas temperature when co-firing of 152.76 0C with 100% coal of 150 oC. At 5% co-firing there was a decrease in SO2 levels of 234.00 mg / Nm3; when compared to using full coal of SO2 273.8 mg / Nm3; NOx; 150.03 mg / Nm3; NOx of 176.95 Mg / Nm3. The average co-firing SO2 exhaust emission is 868.1 mg/NM while using full coal is 937.76 mg/NM.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	biomass, Performance, Co-firingBiomasa, Performance test, Co-firing
Subjects:	N Fine Arts > NX Arts in general T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ263.5 Boilers (general) T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Handoyo Handoyo
Date Deposited:	22 Feb 2023 23:30
Last Modified:	23 Feb 2023 01:14
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/97666

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