Detoksifikasi Lindi Oleh Tumbuhan Air Dalam Lahan Basah Buatan

Arliyani, Isni (2023) Detoksifikasi Lindi Oleh Tumbuhan Air Dalam Lahan Basah Buatan. Doctoral thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Lindi adalah cairan yang berasal dari timbunan sampah yang terjadi karena masuknya air secara eksternal. Tingginya kandungan pencemar lindi berdampak pada kesehatan masyarakat dan ekosistem di sekitar lokasi TPA. Oleh karena itu, penting dilakukan pengolahan lindi sebelum dibuang ke badan air. Pengolahan lindi dapat dilakukan dengan 3 proses yaitu fisik-kimia, biologis, dan kombinasi fisik-kimia dan biologis. Pengolahan secara fisik-kimia memiliki keterbatasan yaitu investasi modal yang tinggi dan biaya operasi yang tinggi. Lahan basah buatan saat ini dianggap sebagai teknologi ramah lingkungan untuk menangani pencemaran air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan tumbuhan Cyperus papyrus dan Typha angustifolia tunggal dan kombinasi untuk aplikasi dalam pengolahan lindi, mengidentifikasi spesies rizobakteria yang berperan dalam pengolahan zat organik dan anorganik untuk menetapkan spesies yang mampu mengolah konsentrasi terbesar zat-zat tersebut dalam lindi, menganalisis efisiensi fitodetoksifikasi lindi tertinggi oleh tumbuhan Cyperus papyrus dan Typha angustifolia tanpa dan dengan bioaugmentasi menggunakan rizobakteria untuk mengetahui perbedaan efisiensi pengolahan lindi, menganalisis pengaruh resirkulasi dan skala pilot terhadap efisiensi pengolahan lindi dengan lahan basah buatan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi detoksifikasi lindi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan membandingkan fitodetoksifikasi antara tumbuhan Cyperus papyrus, Typha angustifolia, dan kombinasi Cyperus papyrus dan Typha angustifolia. Persiapan penelitian inti juga akan dilakukan berupa propagasi tumbuhan dan uji kemampuan tumbuhan. Hasil uji kemampuan tumbuhan akan digunakan sebagai penelitian selanjutnya yaitu identifikasi rizobakteria. Rizobakteria akan diinokulasikan pada penelitian inti yang kemudian dibandingkan dengan detoksifikasi lindi dengan lahan basah buatan tanpa penambahan rizobakteria. Hasil uji terpilih akan dilakukan resirkulasi dan penerapan dengan skala pilot. Hasil penelitian yang telah didapat adalah karakteristik lindi berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Nomor 59 Tahun 2016, umur tumbuhan, kemampuan tumbuhan, spesies rizobakteri, dan hasil detoksifikasi lindi. Karakteristik lindi di TPA Griyo mulyo memiliki konsentrasi COD berkisar 3.000-7.000 mg/L, BOD 1.000-5.000 mg/L, TN 300-500 mg/L, TSS antara 200-1.000 mg/L dan logam berat Cd serta Hg yang rendah mendekati baku mutu. Umur tumbuhan yang digunakan dalam penelitian didapatkan 30 hari karena berada pada pertengahan ekposensial. Kemampuan tumbuhan dalam menerima lindi hingga 100% v/v dan pada 25% v/v menunjukkan pertumbuhan tumbuhan yang sangat baik sehingga kedua konsentrasi tersebut digunakan dalam penelitian detoksifikasi. Uji detoksifikasi lindi dengan tumbuhan tunggal dan kombinasi pada lindi 100% masih belum memenuhi baku mutu sedangkan, 25% didapatkan penyisihan yang sangat tinggi hingga dapat memenuhi baku mutu. Salah satu upaya peningkatan detoksifikasi lindi dilakukan penambahan rizobakteri sehingga identifikasi rizobakteri dilakukan. Berdasarkan NGS jumlah individu rizobakteria pada Cyperus papyrus sebesar 15.767 lebih melimpah dari rizobakteria Typha angustifolia yaitu 15.330. Jumlah spesies rhizobakteri yang sama dari kedua tumbuhan di atas sebanyak 1994. Penambahan bakteri yang digunakan adalah Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus, dan Nitrosomonas communis dengan perbandingan rasio berbeda sebanyak 2% (volume/volume media). Pada penelitian selanjutnya rasio bakteri B2:N2:P6 menghasilkan persentase detoksifikasi tertinggi untuk parameter COD, BOD, TSS, Cd, dan Hg lebih dari 70%. Parameter TN detoksifikasi tertinggi adalah B2:N6:P2 dengan persentase 70%. Penerapan pengolahan lindi dengan lahan basah buatan menggunakan skala pilot menunjukkan hasil efisiensi yang sama dengan skala lab mencapai sekitar 80% dan kestabilan pengolahan selama 3 bulan.
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Leachate is a liquid that comes from a pile of garbage that occurs due to the entry of water externally. The high content of leachate pollutants has an impact on the health of the community and the ecosistem around the landfill site. Therefore, it is important to treat leachate before it is discharged into the environment. Leachate treatment can be carried out by 3 processes, namely physical-chemical, biological, and a combination of physical-chemical and biological. Physical-chemical processing has limitations for example high capital investment and high operating costs. Constructed wetland is currently considered as an environmentally friendly technology to deal with water pollution. This study aims to analyze the application of Cyperus papyrus and Typha angustifolia plants, analyze rhizobacteria species, obtain the highest phyto-detoxification efficiency, analyze the application of recirculation and the application of the choosen results on a pilot scale. This study aims to analyze the ability of Cyperus papyrus and Typha angustifolia plants single and in combination for applications in leachate processing, identify rhizobacteria species that play a role in processing organic and inorganic substances to determine species that are able to process the largest concentrations of these substances in leachate, analyze the efficiency of phytodetoxification. The highest leachate was produced by Cyperus papyrus and Typha angustifolia without and with bioaugmentation using rhizobacteria to determine the difference in leachate treatment efficiency, and analyzing the effect of recirculation and pilot scale on the efficiency of leachate treatment with constructed wetlands to increase the efficiency of leachate detoxification. This research was conducted by comparing phytodetoxification between Cyperus papyrus, Typha angustifolia, and the combination of Cyperus papyrus and Typha angustifolia. Preparation of core research will also be carried out in the form of plant propagation and plant capability testing. The results of the plant ability test will be used as further research, it is the identification of rhizobacteria. Rhizobacteria will be inoculated in the core study which is then compared with leachate detoxification with constructed wetlands without the addition of rhizobacteria. The choosen test results will be recirculation with variations of recirculated and implemented on a pilot scale to increase processing efficiency. The results of the research that have been obtained are leachate characteristics based on the Regulation of the Ministry of the Environment and Forestry Number 59 of 2016, plant age, plant capacity, species of rhizobacteria, and the result detoxification of leachate. Characteristics of leachate in the Griyo Mulyo landfill have COD concentrations ranging from 3,000-7,000 mg/L, BOD 1,000-5,000 mg/L, TN 300-500 mg/L, TSS between 200-1,000 mg/L, Cd and Hg which are low close to the quality standard. The age of the plants used in the study was found to be 30 days because they were in the middle of the exponential. The ability of plants to receive leachate up to 100% v/v and at 25% v/v showed very good plant growth so that both concentrations were used in detoxification studies. Leachate detoxification test with a single plant and a combination of 100% still did not meet the quality standard while, 25% leachate obtained very high percent of detoxification that can meet the quality standards. One of the efforts to increase leachate detoxification is the addition of rhizobacteria so that the identification of rhizobacteria is carried out. Based on NGS the number of individual rhizobacteria in Cyperus papyrus was 15,766, more abundant than rhizobacteria Typha angustifolia, which was 15,330. The number of rhizobacterial species was the same from the two plants above as many as 1994. The bioaugmentation used were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus, and Nitrosomonas communis with a different ratio of 2% (volume/media volume). In the next study, the ratio of B2:N2:P6 bacteria resulted in the highest percentage of detoxification for COD, BOD, TSS, Cd, and Hg parameters more than 70%. The highest TN detoxification parameter is B2:N6:P2 with a percentage of 70%. The application of leachate treatment with constructed wetlands using a pilot scale shows the same efficiency results with a lab scale reaching around 80% and processing stability for 3 months.

Item Type:	Thesis (Doctoral)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	kombinasi tumbuhan, rizobakteria, skala pilot, lindi, resirkulasi, combination plant, rhizobacteria, pilot scale, leachate, recirculation,
Subjects:	Q Science T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25001-(S3) PhD Thesis
Depositing User:	Isni Arliyani
Date Deposited:	30 May 2023 02:22
Last Modified:	30 May 2023 02:22
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/98014

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