Analisis Pengaruh Temperatur dan Waktu Proses Catalytic Cracking Crude Palm Oil Terhadap Densitas dan Nilai Kalor Biogasoline Menggunakan Katalis γ-Al2O3

Qotib, Moch (2023) Analisis Pengaruh Temperatur dan Waktu Proses Catalytic Cracking Crude Palm Oil Terhadap Densitas dan Nilai Kalor Biogasoline Menggunakan Katalis γ-Al2O3. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Biogasoline merupakan sumber energi terbarukan karena terbuat dari bahan alami yaitu tumbuh-tumbuhan. Metode pirolisis merupakan salah satu metode pengolahan dengan temperatur tertentu yang digunakan untuk mengolah minyak seperti Crude Palm Oil (CPO) menjadi bahan bakar cair. Metode catalytic cracking dipilih dalam pengolahan Crude Palm Oil (CPO) karena memerlukan temperatur yang lebih rendah dibanding thermal cracking maupun hydro cracking. Katalis γ-Al2O3 yang digunakan pada catalytic cracking CPO mampu merengkah rantai hidrokarbon lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan alumina amorf. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh variasi temperatur dan waktu reaksi terhadap densitas dan nilai kalor biogasoline. Dalam penelitian ini, proses catalytic cracking dilakukan dengan sumber energi menggunakan heating mantle dengan variasi temperatur yaitu 380, 400, dan 420⁰C serta variasi waktu 0,5; 1; 1,5 dan 2 jam. Sampel yang diperoleh akan diuji dengan Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) untuk menganalisis gugus fungsi biogasoline, Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) untuk komposisi senyawa hidrokarbon, uji densitas sesuai dengan standar ASTM D1217 menggunakan piknometer, serta pengujian nilai kalor menggunakan alat Bomb Kalorimeter dengan standar ASTM D 4809. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian piknometer diperoleh nilai densitas paling optimal pada variasi temperatur 400°C dan waktu 2 jam yaitu 0,8329 g/cm3. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut didapatkan bahwa semakin naik temperatur dan semakin lama proses catalytic cracking maka nilai densitas produk cairnya akan semakin menurun kemudian jenuh pada temperatur 420°C. Berdasarkan pengujian bomb kalorimeter diperoleh nilai kalor tertinggi pada temperatur 400°C dan waktu 2 jam yaitu sebesar 9972 kkal/kg. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut diperoleh semakin naik temperatur dan lama proses catalytic cracking maka nilai kalor produknya akan semakin meningkat kemudian jenuh pada temperatur 420°C.
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Biogasoline is a renewable energy source because it is made from natural ingredients, namely plants. The pyrolysis method is a processing method with a certain temperature used to process oils such as Crude Palm Oil (CPO) into liquid fuels. The catalytic cracking method was chosen in Crude Palm Oil (CPO) processing because it requires lower temperatures than thermal or hydro cracking. The γ-Al2O3 catalyst used in CPO catalytic cracking is capable of cracking more hydrocarbon chains than amorphous alumina. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of variations in temperature and reaction time on the density and heating value of biogasoline. In this study, the catalytic cracking process was carried out with an energy source using a heating mantle with temperature variations of 380, 400 and 420⁰C and time variations of 0.5; 1; 1.5 and 2 hours. The samples obtained will be tested using Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) to analyze the functional groups of biogasoline, Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) for the composition of hydrocarbon compounds, density test according to ASTM D1217 standard using a pycnometer, and testing the heating value using a tool Bomb Calorimeter with ASTM D 4809 standard. Based on the results of the pycnometer test, the most optimal density value was obtained at a temperature variation of 400°C and 2 hours of time, namely 0.8329 g/cm3. Based on these results, it was found that the higher the temperature and the longer the catalytic cracking process, the lower the density value of the liquid product and then it will be saturated at 420°C. Based on the bomb calorimeter test, the highest calorific value was obtained at a temperature of 400°C and a time of 2 hours, namely 9972 kcal/kg. Based on these results, the higher the temperature and the longer the catalytic cracking process, the higher the calorific value of the product, then it will be saturated at 420°C.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Density, Calorific Value, Temperature, Time, Catalytic Cracking, Densitas, Nilai Kalor, Temperatur, Waktu
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP1140 Polymers
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Material & Metallurgical Engineering > 28201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Moch Qotib
Date Deposited:	24 Jul 2023 03:41
Last Modified:	24 Jul 2023 03:41
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/99047

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