Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Karakteristik Kepemilikan Kendaraan Listrik Berbasis Baterai (Studi Kasus di Jakarta, Indonesia)

Nurhidayat, Muhamad Iqbal (2023) Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Karakteristik Kepemilikan Kendaraan Listrik Berbasis Baterai (Studi Kasus di Jakarta, Indonesia). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Kendaraan listrik adalah kendaraan yang memakai sebuah motor listrik sebagai penggeraknya sehingga kendaraan ini memungkinkan untuk digunakan tanpa adanya Bahan Bakar Minyak alhasil tidak mengeluarkan polutan udara secara langsung atau ‘nol emisi’. Sektor kendaraan listrik merupakan sektor yang tinggi potensi perkembangannya di Indonesia, dibuktikan dengan adanya investasi oleh pihak swasta dan ditetapkannya beberapa regulasi yang mendorong pengadopsian Kendaraan Bermotor Listrik Berbasis Baterai (KBLBB). Aspek permintaan serta kesadaran masyarakat terhadap kendaraan listrik masih perlu pengembangan. Penelitian ini akan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor beserta variabelnya yang relevan dari karakteristik kepemilikan kendaraan listrik berdasarkan persepsi masyarakat. Variabel-variabel karakteristik kepemilikan kendaraan listrik yang didapatkan dari tinjauan pustaka akan melalui proses validasi menggunakan Teknik Delphi. Variabel yang telah dikaji dari Teknik Delphi akan dimasukkan ke kuesioner selanjutnya yang akan diberikan ke masyarakat untuk menguantifikasi persepsi masyarakat dan kemudian hasil kuesioner masyarakat akan dianalisis menggunakan Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) untuk mendapatkan faktor-faktor beserta variabelnya yang relevan. Hasil dari CFA akan dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk memformulasikan kebijakan insentif mengenai pengembangan sektor kendaraan listrik yang didasari oleh persepsi konsumen. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 16 variabel yang dapat memengaruhi persepsi masyarakat terhadap kepemilikan kendaraan listrik. Variabel-variabel ini terbagi menjadi 4 faktor utama yakni Faktor Biaya Kepemilikan yang memiliki 3 variabel, yaitu biaya perawatan, biaya pajak, dan harga beli; Faktor Kebijakan Insentif yang memiliki 6 variabel, yaitu insentif harga beli, insentif pajak tahunan kendaraan (PKB), insentif peniadaan Bea Balik Nama (BBN), pembebasan ganjil-genap, Zona Rendah Emisi, dan tempat parkir khusus; Faktor Ekosistem Infrastruktur yang memiliki 4 variabel, yaitu ketersediaan Stasiun Pengisian Kendaraan Listrik Umum (SPKLU), sumber energi listrik, emisi pembangkit listrik, dan tarif listrik; dan Faktor Karakteristik Kendaraan yang memiliki 3 variabel, yaitu jarak tempuh, durasi pengecasan, dan nol emisi. Rekomendasi kebijakan insentif antara lain perluasan jaringan SPKLU, insentif charging point kawasan residensial dan komersial, serta insentif potongan harga beli.
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An electric vehicle is a vehicle that uses an electric motor as its means of propulsion so that this vehicle can be used without any fossil fuels and as a result it does not emit air pollutants directly on usage. The electric vehicle sector is a sector with a high potential for development in Indonesia, as evidenced by investments made by the private sector and the enactment of several regulations that encourage the adoption of Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs). This study will identify the relevant factors of the characteristics of electric vehicle ownership based on the public’s perception. The variables of electric vehicle ownership will be obtained from the literature review and will go through a validation process by way of the Delphi Technique. The variables obtained from the Delphi Technique will be used in the next questionnaire that will be given to the public to quantify the perceived importance of each variable. The questionnaire results will then be analysed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to obtain the relevant factors and their variables. The results of the CFA will then be analysed descriptively to formulate incentivizing policy recommendations regarding the development of the electric vehicle sector based on the public’s perceptions. The results of the study show that there are 16 variables that can influence the public's perceptions of Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) ownership. These variables are divided into 4 main factors, namely the Ownership Cost Factor which has 3 variables, namely maintenance costs, tax costs, and purchase price; Incentivizing Policy factors which have 6 variables, namely purchase price incentives, annual vehicle tax incentives, incentives for the elimination of Transfer of Title Fees, immunity from odd-even laws, Low Emission Zones, and specific electric vehicle parking spots; Infrastructure Ecosystem factor which has 4 variables, namely the availability of public electric vehicle charging stations, sources of electrical energy, power plant emissions, and electricity rates; and lastly Vehicle Characteristic Factors which have 3 variables, namely range, charging duration, and zero emissions. The recommended incentives that need to be put in place are in the form of incentives such as purchase price rebates, incentives for residential and commercial charge points, intensifying the provision of EV charging stations, and grid decarbonisation.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	CFA, Kendaraan Listrik, Persepsi, Faktor, Masyarakat, Delphi, Kepemilikan, CFA, Electric Vehicle, Perception, Factor, Public, Delphi, Ownership.
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > HE Transportation and Communications > HE311.I4 Urban transportation H Social Sciences > HE Transportation and Communications > HE336.C5 Choice of transportation
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Regional & Urban Planning > 35201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Muhamad Iqbal Nurhidayat
Date Deposited:	24 Jul 2023 14:59
Last Modified:	24 Jul 2023 14:59
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/99103

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