Pra Desain Pabrik Pupuk Urea dari Amonia dan Karbon Dioksida Berbasis Advance Process for Cost and Energy Saving 21 (ACES 21)

Wardani, Dirotsa Sukma and Sari, Ulfiyah Afnian (2023) Pra Desain Pabrik Pupuk Urea dari Amonia dan Karbon Dioksida Berbasis Advance Process for Cost and Energy Saving 21 (ACES 21). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Indonesia adalah salah satu negara yang memiliki iklim tropis dimana curah hujan tinggi namun sinar matahari selalu ada sepanjang tahun. Dengan kondisi demikian itu menyebabkan Indonesia memiliki tanah yang subur hingga dijuluki sebagai negara agraris. Alasan Indonesia disebut sebagai negara agraris yaitu karena sebagian besar penduduknya bekerja di sektor pertanian. Berdasarkan data dari Badan Pusat Statistika (BPS) tahun 2021 88,43% masyarakat Indonesia bekerja pada sektor pertanian. Salah satu hal yang berperan besar dalam hal pertanian adalah pupuk yang sangat mempengaruhi hasil pertanian. Pupuk urea merupakan salah satu jenis pupuk berbentuk granule atau prill yang memiliki warna putih untuk pupuk non subsidi dan merah muda untuk pupuk subsidi. Kandungan nitrogen pada pupuk urea memiliki kadar tertinggi dibanding pupuk kimia lain yaitu sebesar 46%. Saat ini di Indonesia sudah terdapat lima perusahaan pupuk yang ada dan pemasarannya telah tersebar ke seluruh Indonesia. Berdasarkan data kebutuhan pupuk urea di Indonesia, kebutuhan urea dalam negeri berada dalam angka yang cukup tinggi yaitu sekitar 5,8 juta ton per tahun. Di lain sisi, terdapat Peraturan Menteri Pertanian No. 10 Tahun 2022 terkait perubahan pupuk subsidi menjadi urea dan NPK. Dengan adanya kebijakan tersebut diprediksi kebutuhan pupuk urea akan meningkat. Pabrik Pupuk Urea dari Amonia dan Karbon Dioksida berbasis Advance Process for Cost and Energy Saving 21 direncanakan didirikan di daerah Kawasan Industri Dumai, Kota Dumai, Riau pada lokasi yang sama dengan pabrik pupuk NPK, ZA, dan Amonia. Penentuan lokasi pabrik berorientasi utama pada sumber bahan baku gas alam yang dibutuhkan pabrik Amonia maupun lokasi pemasaran pupuk urea di sekitar wilayah Sumatera. Faktor lainnya meliputi fasilitas transport, ketersediaan utilitas di daerah tersebut. Pabrik ini direncanakan beroperasi secara continues 24 jam selama 330 hari/ tahun dengan kapasitas produksi adalah 570.000 ton/ tahun. Berdasarkan analisis ekonomi, laju pengembalian modal (IRR) pabrik ini sebesar 15,41% pada tingkat suku bunga bank sebesar 8%, dengan laju inflasi sebesar 5,42% per tahun. Sedangkan untuk waktu pengembalian modal (POT) adalah 4,86 tahun dan titik impas (BEP) sebesar 20% melalui cara linear. Umur pabrik selama 10 tahun dan masa konstruksi adalah 2 tahun. Untuk memproduksi pupuk urea sebanyak 570.000 ton/tahun, diperlukan biaya total produksi (TPC) sebesar Rp.5.518.770.958.180,00 dengan biaya investasi total (TCI) sebesar Rp. 2.103.196.497.943,00. Dengan melihat aspek penilaian analisis ekonomi dan teknisnya, maka Pabrik Pupuk Urea dari Amonia dan Karbon Dioksida berbasis Advance Process for Cost and Energy Saving 21 layak untuk didirikan.
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Indonesia is one of the countries that has a tropical climate where rainfall is high but sunshine is always there throughout the year. Given these circumstances, Indonesia has fertile soil, which is why it is known as an agricultural nation. Due to the fact that the majority of the population is employed in agriculture, Indonesia is often referred to as an agricultural country. Based on data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) for 2021 88.43% of Indonesians work in the agricultural sector. One of the things that plays a big role in terms of agriculture is fertilizer which greatly affects agricultural yields. Urea fertilizer is a type of granule or prill fertilizer which has a white color for non-subsidized fertilizers and pink for subsidized fertilizers. In comparison to other chemical fertilizers, urea fertilizer has the highest proportion of nitrogen, which is 46%. Currently, there are five existing fertilizer companies in Indonesia and their marketing has spread throughout Indonesia. According to data on Indonesia's requirement for urea, local urea demand is quite high, at about 5.8 million tonnes annually. However, Minister of Agriculture Regulation No. 10 of 2022, which replaces subsidized fertilizers with urea and NPK, is another option. It is anticipated that this approach will result in a greater demand for urea fertilizer.The Urea Fertilizer Factory from Ammonia and Carbon Dioxide based on Advance Process for Cost and Energy Saving 21 is intended to be constructed in the same location as the NPK, ZA, and Ammonia fertilizer factories in the Dumai Industrial Area, Dumai City, Riau Determining the location of the factory is primarily oriented towards the raw material source for natural gas needed by the Ammonia plant and the marketing location for urea fertilizer around the Sumatra region. Transportation options and local utility availability are further concerns. This plant is planned to operate continuously 24 hours for 330 days/year with a production capacity of 570,000 tons/year. Based on economic analysis, the factory's rate of return on investment (IRR) is 15.41% at a bank interest rate of 8%, with an inflation rate of 5.42% per year. Whereas the payback period (POT) is 4.86 years and the breakeven point (BEP) is 20% through a linear method. Construction takes two years, and the factory has a 10-year life span. To produce 570,000 tons/year of urea fertilizer, a total production cost (TPC) of Rp. 5,518,770,958,180.00 is required with a total investment cost (TCI) of Rp. 2,103,196,497,943.00. By looking at the aspects of the economic and technical analysis assessment, the Urea Fertilizer Plant from Ammonia and Carbon Dioxide based on the Advance Process for Cost and Energy Saving 21 is feasible to establish.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	ACES 21, Ammonia, Carbon Dioxide, Fertilizer, Urea, Amonia, Karbon Dioksida, Pupuk.
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Industrial Engineering > 26201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Dirotsa Sukma Wardani
Date Deposited:	26 Jul 2023 01:29
Last Modified:	26 Jul 2023 01:29
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/99269

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