Hadi, Adrian Samudra (2023) Analisi Pengaruh Rasio Katalis:CPO dan Jenis Katalis (γ-Al2O3, H-ZSM-5, dan USY) Proses Catalytic Cracking Crude Palm Oil Terhadap Densitas dan Nilai Kalor Biogasoline. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Dominasi energi fosil seperti batu bara, minyak bumi, dan gas alam dalam pemanfaatan energi nasional menyebabkan cadangan sumber energi fosil semakin menipis. Meningkatnya kebutuhan terhadap penggunaan sumber energi fosil juga akan mengakibatkan peningkatan emisi karbon yang keluar serta memiliki dampak buruk terhadap ketahanan lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan adanya transisi dari penggunaan energi fosil menuju EBT guna menjaga stabilitas energi di masa depan. Salah satu solusi yang dapat dilakukan untuk mempertahankan keseimbangan energi yaitu dengan memanfaatkan Crude Palm Oil (CPO) sebagai minyak nabati dari produk kelapa sawit agar dapat menjadi biogasoline. Metode pada penelitian ini menggunakan catalytic cracking sehingga dapat merengkah hidrokarbon kompleks dari minyak CPO menjadi hidrokarbon yang lebih sederhana dan sesuai dengan bensin. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh rasio katalis:CPO dan jenis katalis terhadap densitas dan nilai kalor. Dalam penelitian ini, proses catalytic cracking dilakukan menggunakan alat destilasi dan sumber energi menggunakan heating mantle dengan variasi rasio katalis:CPO yaitu 1:125, 1:100, 1:75, dan 1:50 serta variasi jenis katalis menggunakan γ-Al2O3, H-ZSM-5, dan USY. Sampel yang telah diperoleh akan diuji FTIR, GC-MS, densitas menggunakan piknometer dan nilai kalor menggunakan bom kalorimeter. Pengujian FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDX, dan BET juga dilakukan untuk memperoleh hasil karakterisasi dari ketiga katalis. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian piknometer, diperoleh nilai densitas paling optimal pada variasi rasio katalis:CPO 1:125 dan jenis katalis γ-Al2O3 yaitu 0,836 g/cm3. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat diperoleh tren berupa penambahan rasio katalis:CPO mengakibatkan bertambahnya nilai densitas pada ketiga jenis katalis yang dihasilkan oleh produk catalytic cracking. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian bom kalorimeter, diperoleh nilai kalor paling optimal pada variasi rasio katalis:CPO 1:125 dan jenis katalis γ-Al2O3 yaitu 9604 Kkal/Kg. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat diperoleh tren berupa penambahan rasio katalis:CPO mengakibatkan berkurangnya nilai kalor pada ketiga jenis katalis yang dihasilkan oleh produk catalytic cracking.
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The dominance of fossil energy such as coal, oil and natural gas in national energy use has resulted in dwindling reserves of fossil energy sources. The increasing need for the use of this will also result in increasing carbon emissions and have a negative impact on environmental resilience. Therefore, there is a need for a transition from the use of fossil energy to EBT in order to maintain energy stability in the future. One solution that can be done to maintain energy balance is by utilizing Crude Palm Oil (CPO) as vegetable oil from palm oil products so that it can become biogasoline. The method in this study uses catalytic cracking so that it can crack complex hydrocarbons from CPO oil into simpler hydrocarbons and are compatible with gasoline. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the catalyst:CPO ratio and type of catalyst on density and calorific value. In this study, the catalytic cracking process was carried out using a distillation apparatus and an energy source using a heating mantle with variations in the catalyst:CPO ratio, namely 1:125, 1:100, 1:75, and 1:50 as well as variations in the type of catalyst using γ-Al2O3, H-ZSM-5, and USY. Samples that have been obtained will be tested for density using a pycnometer and calorific value using a bomb calorimeter. XRD, SEM-EDX and BET tests were also carried out to obtain the characterization results of the three catalysts. Based on the results of the pycnometer test, the most optimal density value was obtained for the variation of the catalyst:CPO ratio of 1:125 and the type of catalyst γ-Al2O3, namely 0.836 g/cm3. Based on these results, a trend can be obtained in the form of increasing the ratio of catalyst:CPO resulting in an increase in the density value of the three types of catalysts produced by catalytic cracking products. Based on the results of the bomb calorimeter test, the most optimal calorific value was obtained at the variation of the catalyst:CPO ratio of 1:125 and the type of catalyst γ-Al2O3, namely 9604 Kcal/Kg. Based on these results, a trend can be obtained in the form of increasing the ratio of catalyst:CPO resulting in reduced calorific values of the three types of catalysts produced by catalytic cracking products.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Catalytic Cracking, Crude Palm Oil, γ-Al2O3, H-ZSM-5, USY |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP1140 Polymers T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP343 Liquid and gaseous fuel |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Material & Metallurgical Engineering > 28201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Adrian Samudra Hadi |
| Date Deposited: | 26 Jul 2023 01:38 |
| Last Modified: | 26 Jul 2023 01:38 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/99378 |
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