Pra-Desain Pabrik Amonia Dari Batubara

Ariq, OK Ahmad and Nurrahmadhanti, Bunga Widiana (2023) Pra-Desain Pabrik Amonia Dari Batubara. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Amonia menjadi salah satu bahan kimia yang cukup penting dalam industri kimia, karena kandungan nitrogen yang tinggi, amonia banyak digunakan sebagai bahan dasar pupuk, selain itu amonia juga digunakan pada berbagai industri seperti pada refrigeration system, dan berbagai industri kimia yang lainnya. Permintaan dunia diperkirakan mengalami kenaikan sebesar 3,2% setiap tahunnya. Untuk memproduksi ammonia, sumber nitrogen biasanya diperoleh dari udara sedangkan hidrogen diperoleh dari gas alam. Permasalahannya adalah menipisnya cadangan gas alam di dunia, mengingat gas alam merupakan sumber daya tidak terbarukan. Sumber hidrogen lain yang dapat digunakan adalah batubara. Sementara itu produksi batubara terus meningkat di Indonesia. Amonia dari batubara melalui beberapa tahapan proses yaitu Coal Pre-treatment Unit, Gasification Unit, Water Gas Shift Unit, COS Hydrolysis Unit, Acid Gas Removal Unit, Ammonia Synthesis Unit, Purification Unit. Rencana pendirian pabrik ini akan dilakukan selama dua tahun dengan umur pabrik selama 20 tahun. Untuk memproduksi amonia sebanyak 290.000 ton/tahun, diperlukan operating expenditures (OPEX) sebesar $207.796.002 dengan capital expenditures (CAPEX) sebesar $40.940.232, total penjualan sebesar $277.757.568. Sumber dana investasi berasal dari modal sendiri sebesar 40% dan modal pinjaman sebesar 60%. Berdasarkan analisa ekonomi, Internal Rate of Return (IRR) pabrik ini sebesar 25,43% dengan bunga sebesar 8% per tahun. Sedangkan untuk Net Present Value (NPV) yang bernilai positif.
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Ammonia is one of the most important chemicals in the chemical industry, because of its high nitrogen content, ammonia is widely used as a basic ingredient in fertilizers, besides that ammonia is also used in various industries such as refrigeration systems and various other chemical industries. World demand is estimated to increase by 3.2% annually. To produce ammonia, the source of nitrogen is usually obtained from air while hydrogen is obtained from natural gas. The problem is the depletion of natural gas reserves in the world, considering that natural gas is a non-renewable resource. Another source of hydrogen that can be used is coal. Meanwhile, coal production continues to increase in Indonesia. Ammonia from coal goes through several process stages, namely Coal Pre-treatment Unit, Gasification Unit, Water Gas Shift Unit, COS Hydrolysis Unit, Acid Gas Removal Unit, Ammonia Synthesis Unit, Purification Unit. The plan to establish this factory will be carried out for two years with a factory life of 20 years. To produce 290,000 tonnes of ammonia/year, operating expenditures (OPEX) of $207,796,002 are required with capital expenditures (CAPEX) of $40,940,232, total sales of $277,757,568. Sources of investment funds come from own capital by 40% and loan capital by 60%. Based on economic analysis, the factory's Internal Rate of Return (IRR) is
25,43% with an interest rate of 8% per year. Meanwhile, the Net Present Value (NPV) is positive

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Batubara, Amonia, Gasifikasi Coal, Ammonia, Gasification
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Bunga Widiana Nurrahmadhanti
Date Deposited:	27 Jul 2023 04:15
Last Modified:	27 Jul 2023 04:15
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/99508

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