Biodegradasi Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) oleh Isolat Khamir dari Biofilm Sampah Plastik

Dary, Ella Putry Wulan (2023) Biodegradasi Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) oleh Isolat Khamir dari Biofilm Sampah Plastik. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Polietilen merupakan termoplastik yang umumnya diproduksi melalui proses polimerisasi dan bersifat sulit diuraikan. Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) merupakan salah satu jenis polietilen yang sering digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, terutama sebagai produk kemasan. Penggunaan produk polietilen dengan pengelolaan limbah yang kurang tepat, dapat menyebabkan terjadinya pencemaran lingkungan. Pencemaran lingkungan tersebut perlu diselesaikan dengan biodegradasi. Khamir diketahui dapat berperan penting dalam proses biodegradasi plastik. Sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan uji biodegradasi plastik polietilen jenis LDPE menggunakan isolat khamir dari biofilm sampah plastik yang merupakan isolat koleksi dari Laboratorium Mikrobiologi, Biologi, ITS. Uji biodegradasi plastik LDPE dilakukan selama 4 minggu pada Mineral Salt Medium Broth (MSMB) yang ditambahkan dengan 20 lembar plastik klip LDPE ukuran 1 x 1 cm. Parameter untuk mengetahui hasil biodegradasi yaitu penurunan berat kering, peningkatan nilai optical density biofilm plastik uji, peningkatan nilai optical density media uji, analisis Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) dan analisis Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Perhitungan biodegradasi plastik dilakukan setiap 1 minggu hingga minggu ke-4. Rancangan percobaan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan analisis data menggunakan ANOVA-Two way. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada uji skrining kemampuan isolat khamir dalam mendegradasi plastik LDPE terdapat 8 isolat khamir yang mampu membentuk zona bening, yaitu isolat M.2.0.1., M.2.0.2., M.2.0.4., M.3.0.1., M.3.0.2., M.4.0.1., M.4.0.3 dan M.4.0.4. Isolat M.3.0.1 merupakan isolat yang memiliki persentase penurunan berat kering yang paling tinggi, yaitu sebesar 0,77% pada waktu inkubasi minggu ke-4. Kemampuan biodegradasi dari isolat M.3.0.1 diikuti oleh tingginya nilai OD media uji dan nilai OD biofilm, serta rendahnya nilai pH media. Isolat M.3.0.1 diketahui memiliki nilai OD media uji sebesar 0,302 dan nilai OD biofilm sebesar 0,066 dengan penurunan nilai pH dari 6,85 menjadi 6,605. Selain itu, plastik uji pada inokulum M.3.0.1 menunjukkan adanya perubahan morfologi berupa kerusakan pada permukaan LDPE ketika diamati melalui analisis SEM, serta menunjukkan adanya perubahan nilai transmitan pada analisis FTIR.
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Polyethylene is a thermoplastic generally produced through polymerization and is difficult to decompose. Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) is a type of polyethylene often used daily, especially as a packaging product. The use of polyethylene products with inappropriate waste management can cause environmental pollution. This environmental pollution needs to be solved by biodegradation. Yeast is known to play an essential role in plastic biodegradation. So this study aims to test the biodegradation of LDPE polyethylene plastic using yeast isolates from plastic waste biofilms which is an isolate collection from the Laboratory of Microbiology, Biology, ITS. The LDPE plastic biodegradation test was carried out for four weeks on Mineral Salt Medium Broth (MSMB), which was added with 20 sheets of 1 x 1 cm LDPE plastic clips. The parameters to determine the results of biodegradation are dry weight reduction, increased optical density value of the test plastic biofilm, increased optical density value of the test medium, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. Plastic biodegradation calculations are carried out every week until the fourth week. The experimental design in this study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with data analysis using ANOVA-Two way. The results showed that in the screening test for the ability of yeast isolates to degrade LDPE plastic, eight yeast isolates were able to form clear zones, namely isolates M.2.0.1., M.2.0.2., M.2.0.4., M.3.0 .1., M.3.0.2., M.4.0.1., M.4.0.3 and M.4.0.4. Isolate M.3.0.1 was the isolate that had the highest percentage of dry weight loss, which was 0.77% during the fourth week of incubation. The biodegradability of isolate M.3.0.1 was followed by the high OD value of the test medium and the OD value of the biofilm, as well as the low pH value of the media. Isolate M.3.0.1 is known to have an OD value of 0.302 for the test media and an OD value of 0.066 for the biofilm, with a decrease in the pH value from 6.85 to 6.605. In addition, the test plastic on the M.3.0.1 inoculum showed a change in morphology due to damage to the LDPE surface when observed through SEM analysis. It showed a change in the transmittance value in the FTIR analysis

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Biodegradation, LDPE, Plastic, Yeast, Biodegradasi, Khamir, LDPE, Plastik
Subjects:	Q Science > QH Biology > QH301 Biology Q Science > QR Microbiology > QR74.8 Bacteria
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Ella Putry Wulan Dary
Date Deposited:	27 Jul 2023 06:40
Last Modified:	27 Jul 2023 06:40
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/99563

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