Zalsamulia, Freeskya Excell (2023) Pemanfaatan Constructed Wetland Menggunakan Tanaman Cyperus papyrus untuk Menurunkan Kadar Pencemar Pada Limbah Cair Industri Tahu. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Tahu merupakan makanan yang banyak diminati masyarakat Indonesia. Hal ini berpengaruh pada perkembangan industri pembuatan tahu baik skala rumah tangga hingga skala besar. Industri pembuatan tahu di Indonesia masih didominasi oleh industri skala rumah tangga dimana sebagian besar tidak melakukan pengolahan pada limbah cair yang dihasilkan. Limbah cair tahu mengandung polutan organik, memiliki pH asam, dan berbau. Salah satu metode pengolahan air limbah yang efektif, ekonomis dan mudah dalam pelaksanaannya adalah constructed wetland. Tumbuhan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Cyperus papyrus. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan konsentrasi maksimum limbah cair industri tahu yang diberikan agar Cyperus papyrus masih mampu bertahan hidup dan menentukan efisiensi penyisihan kadar pencemar pada limbah cair industri tahu menggunakan Cyperus papyrus. Limbah cair tahu yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah air limbah perendaman, penggumpalan, dan campuran. Terdapat dua jenis aliran constructed wetland yang digunakan yaitu free water surface flow dan sub surface flow. Parameter air limbah yang diuji berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup No. 5 Tahun 2014 yaitu BOD, COD, dan TSS. Terdapat beberapa parameter pendukung lainnya yang akan diuji yaitu pH, suhu, morfologi tumbuhan, berat basah, dan berat kering. Penelitian pendahuluan yang dilakukan meliputi propagasi tumbuhan, aklimatisasi tumbuhan, analisis kualitas air limbah, dan range finding test. Uji phytotreatment dengan metode constructed wetland dilaksanakan selama 28 hari. Hasil dari range finding test menunjukkan bahwa tumbuhan Cyperus papyrus mampu bertahan hidup dan tidak mengalami efek kematian pada limbah cair industri tahu dengan konsentrasi 100% untuk limbah rendaman kedelai, 50% untuk limbah proses penggumpalan, 50% untuk limbah campuran.. Hasil dari uji phytotreatment menggunakan Cyperus papyrus selama 28 hari adalah constructed wetland aliran free water surface flow memiliki efisiensi removal BOD, COD, dan TSS pada limbah rendaman kedelai sebesar 83,16%, 78,02%, 61,8%; pada limbah proses penggumpalan sebesar 78,93%, 72,49%, 71,3%; pada limbah campuran sebesar 78,23, 74,44%, 68,0%. Constructed wetland aliran sub surface flow memiliki efisiensi removal BOD, COD, dan TSS pada limbah rendaman kedelai sebesar 87,17%, 84,41%, 79,6%; pada limbah proses penggumpalan sebesar 85,95%, 81,93%, 82,1% ;pada limbah campuran sebesar 85,47%, 80,7%, 77,8%.
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Tofu is a food in great demand by Indonesian people. This has an effect on development of the tofu-making industry, both on a household scale and on a large scale. The tofu-making industry in Indonesia is still dominated by household industries where most of them do not process the liquid waste they produce. Tofu industrial wastewater contains organic pollutants, has an acid pH, and smells. One method of wastewater treatment that is effective, economical and easy to implement is constructed wetlands. A plant used in this study is Cyperus papyrus. The aims of this study are to determine the maximum concentration given to the tofu industrial wastewater so that Cyperus papyrus is still able to survive and to analyze the comparison of pollutant removal efficiency in tofu industrial wastewater with Cyperus papyrus using an free water surface flow constructed wetland system and sub surface flow constructed wetland system. Tofu industrial wastewater used in this study was soaking, clumping, and mixed wastewater. There are two types of constructed wetland flow patterns that are used, namely free water surface flow and sub surface flow. The parameters of wastewater tested are based on Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup No. 5 Tahun 2014 namely Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), and Total Suspended Solid (TSS). There are several other supporting parameters that will be tested, namely pH, temperature, plant morphology, fresh weight, and dry weight. Preliminary research conducted included plant propagation, plant acclimatization, wastewater quality analysis, and range finding test. The phytotreatment test with the constructed wetland method was carried out for 28 days. The results of the range finding test showed that Cyperus papyrus plants are able to survive and do not experience mortality effects in tofu industry wastewater at a concentration of 100% for soybean soaking wastewater, 50% for coagulation process wastewater, and 50% for mixed wastewater. The results of phytotreatment using Cyperus papyrus for 28 days in a free water surface flow constructed wetland showed removal efficiencies of BOD, COD, and TSS in soybean soaking wastewater of 83.16%, 78.02%, and 61.8%, respectively; in coagulation process wastewater of 78.93%, 72.49%, and 71.3%, respectively; and in mixed wastewater of 78.23%, 74.44%, and 68,0%, respectively. The sub-surface flow constructed wetland demonstrated removal efficiencies of BOD, COD, and TSS in soybean soaking wastewater of 87.17%, 84.41%, and 79.6%, respectively; in coagulation process wastewater of 85.95%, 81.93%, and 82.1%, respectively; and in mixed wastewater of 85.47%, 80.7%, and 77.8%, respectively.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | BOD, COD, Constructed wetland, Cyperus papyrus, Limbah cair industri tahu, Phytotreatment, Phytotreatment, Tofu industrial wastewater, TSS |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD192.5 Bioremediation |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Freeskya Excell Zalsamulia |
| Date Deposited: | 28 Jul 2023 06:41 |
| Last Modified: | 28 Jul 2023 06:41 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/99591 |
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