Rohimah, Micia Zaputi (2023) Environmental Impact Study of the Electricity Generation Process at the Geothermal Power Plant Company X Using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Methods. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
The object of this research is the Company X, which generates 227 MW of electricity using geothermal energy. Geothermal power plants do not generate entirely clean energy, as their emissions from the electricity generation process might contribute to air pollution, impacting the environment. Steam utilized as a raw material in generating electricity contains gases that cannot be condensed or non-condensable gases (NCGs), including greenhouse gases (GHGs). NCGs are often released directly into the atmosphere because their presence in steam can affect the efficiency of power plants. Moreover, electricity consumption and chemical consumption of the production units can contribute to environmental impacts due to the emissions generated.
This research was carried out to identify the environmental impact of the electricity generation process at Company X’s geothermal power plant and determine the alternative to minimize the most significant environmental impact. Environmental impacts were analyzed using a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) with the ReCiPe 2016 method. This research was conducted by identifying the magnitude of the environmental impact based on data on raw materials, chemical consumption, electricity consumption, as well as products and emissions generated in the system boundary. This research used a gate-to-gate system boundary in the electricity generation process, from the scrubber unit to the cooling tower. In the meantime, the alternative was analyzed using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) with primary data, specifically a questionnaire whose respondents include personnel responsible for the electricity generation process and experts in this field of study.
It was identified that the electricity generation process at the geothermal power plant Company X contributed to the human health impact of 58.43 pt with a condenser unit as a hotspot with a value of 3.93 DALY. The electricity generation process at the geothermal power plants Company X also contributes to an ecosystem quality impact of 0.008 pt with a condenser unit as a hotspot with a value of 0.013 species.year. Based on AHP analysis, CO2 and H2S sequestration is selected as an alternative to minimize the most significant environmental impact of the electricity generation process at the geothermal power plant of Company X, which has the highest priority vector of 0.402.
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Obyek penelitian ini, Perusahaan X, menghasilkan energi listrik sebesar 227 MW dengan menggunakan energi panas bumi. Pembangkit listrik tenaga panas bumi tidak sepenuhnya menghasilkan energi bersih, karena emisi yang dihasilkan dari proses produksi listrik dapat menyebabkan polusi udara, yang berdampak pada lingkungan. Uap yang digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembangkit listrik mengandung gas-gas yang tidak dapat dikondensasi atau non-condensable gas (NCG), termasuk gas rumah kaca (GRK). NCG seringkali dilepaskan langsung ke atmosfer karena keberadaannya dalam steam dapat memengaruhi efisiensi pembangkit listrik. Selain itu, penggunaan listrik dan bahan kimia dari unit produksi dapat berkontribusi terhadap dampak lingkungan akibat emisi yang dihasilkan.
Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi dampak lingkungan dari proses produksi listrik di pembangkit listrik tenaga panas bumi Perusahaan X dan menentukan alternatif untuk meminimalisasi dampak lingkungan yang paling signifikan. Analisis dampak lingkungan dilakukan dengan menggunakan Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) dengan metode ReCiPe 2016. Analisis LCA dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi besaran dampak lingkungan berdasarkan data bahan baku, penggunaan bahan kimia, penggunaan listrik, serta produk dan emisi yang dihasilkan pada batasan lingkup sistem. Penelitian ini menggunakan sistem gate-to-gate pada proses pembangkitan listrik mulai dari unit scrubber hingga cooling tower. Sedangkan alternatif dianalisis menggunakan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) dengan data primer berupa kuesioner yang respondennya meliputi karyawan yang bertanggung jawab dalam proses produksi listrik dan ahli dalam bidang studi ini.
Berdasarkan hasil analisis LCA, teridentifikasi bahwa proses produksi listrik di PLTP Perusahaan X berkontribusi terhadap dampak kesehatan manusia sebesar 58,43 pt dengan unit kondenser sebagai hotspot dengan nilai 3,93 DALY. Proses produksi listrik di PLTP Perusahaan X juga berkontribusi terhadap dampak kualitas ekosistem sebesar 0,008 pt dengan unit kondensor sebagai hotspot dengan nilai 0,013 spesies.tahun. Berdasarkan analisis AHP, sekuestrasi CO2 dan H2S dipilih sebagai alternatif untuk meminimalisasi dampak lingkungan yang paling signifikan dari proses produksi listrik di PLTP Perusahaan X, yang memiliki vektor prioritas tertinggi sebesar 0,402.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | AHP, environmental impact, geothermal power plant, LCA, minimization, AHP, dampak lingkungan, LCA, minimasi, PLTP |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD194.6 Environmental impact analysis |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Micia Zaputi Rohimah |
| Date Deposited: | 29 Jul 2023 08:18 |
| Last Modified: | 29 Jul 2023 08:18 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/99692 |
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