Uji Toksisitas Akut dan Sub Akut Disinfektan Klorin dan Tembaga (II) Sulfat terhadap Kayu Apu (Pistia stratiotes) sebagai Biota Uji

Rizqi, Farikha Sekar (2023) Uji Toksisitas Akut dan Sub Akut Disinfektan Klorin dan Tembaga (II) Sulfat terhadap Kayu Apu (Pistia stratiotes) sebagai Biota Uji. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Disinfektan klorin dan tembaga (II) sulfat telah banyak digunakan sebagai disinfektan di segala sektor. Kedua disinfektan ini sama-sama digunakan pada sektor budidaya dikarenakan kelebihannya yang dapat membantu menghilangkan patogen dan mengendalikan alga yang menjadi hama di industri budidaya. Namun, pengolahan disinfektan klorin dan tembaga (II) sulfat di industri budidaya jarang dilakukan, kebanyakan langsung membuang efluen yang mengandung disinfektan tersebut ke badan air penerima. Apabila terjadi kenaikan penggunaan disinfektan klorin dan tembaga (II) sulfat yang tidak diiringi dengan proses pengolahan yang tepat akan menyebabkan potensi pencemaran pada lingkungan perairan badan air penerima. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan uji toksisitas untuk mengetahui batas toksisitas dan konsentrasi aman sehingga dapat meminimalisasi adanya pencemaran lingkungan perairan. Dalam penelitian ini, dilakukan uji toksisitas akut dan sub akut terhadap disinfektan klorin dan tembaga (II) sulfat. Untuk uji toksisitas akut dilakukan selama 96 jam (4 hari) untuk memperoleh konsentrasi minimum yang dapat membunuh 50% dari biota uji. sedangkan uji toksisitas sub akut dilakukan selama 30 hari yang bertujuan untuk memperoleh lama efek disinfektan tersebut terhadap biota uji. Sebelum melakukan uji toksisitas, dilakukan tahap aklimatisasi, Range Finding Test, kemudian uji toksisitas akut yang dilanjutkan dengan uji toksisitas sub akut. Selama pengujian terdapat beberapa parameter yang harus diperhatikan secara berkala seperti pH, temperatur, dan kematian biota. Biota uji yang digunakan adalah tanaman kayu apu (Pistia stratiotes) karena tanaman ini sensitif terhadap perubahan yang terjadi di lingkungan sekitarnya, selain itu tanaman ini juga mudah didapat dan harganya terjangkau. Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan alternatif untuk mengalirkan efluen yang mengandung disinfektan klorin dan tembaga (II) sulfat ke kolam tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan disinfektan tembaga (II) sulfat lebih toksik dari pada disinfektan klorin berdasarkan nilai LC50 sebesar 55,8 mg/L, sedangkan nilai LC50 disinfektan klorin sebesar 120,53 mg/L. Waktu kontak disinfektan klorin terhadap biota uji tanaman kayu apu (Pistia stratiotes) terjadi pada minggu pertama. Bentuk efek yang terjadi berupa adanya gejala klorosis pada daun dan akar, serta kematian mikroba sekitar akar.
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Chlorine and copper (II) sulphate disinfectants have been widely used as disinfectants in many sectors. Both disinfectants are used in the aquaculture sector due to their advantages in helping to eliminate pathogens and controlling algae which become pest in the aquaculture industry. However, the treatment of chlorine and copper (II) sulphate disinfectants in the aquaculture industry is rarely carried out, mostly directly discharging the effluent containing these disinfectants into receiving water bodies. If there is an increase in the use of chlorine and copper (II) sulphate disinfectants which are not accompanied by proper treatment processes, it will cause potential pollution to the aquatic environment of the receiving water body. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out a toxicity test to determine the toxicity limits and safe concentrations so it can minimize contamination of the aquatic environment. In this study, acute and subacute toxicity tests were carried out on chlorine and copper (II) sulphate disinfectants. The acute toxicity test was carried out for 96 hours (4 days) to obtain the minimum concentration that could kill 50% of the test biota, while the sub-acute toxicity test was carried out for 30 days to obtain the duration of the effect of the disinfectant on the test biota. Before carrying out the toxicity test, the acclimatization stage, the range finding test were carried out, then the acute toxicity test was carried out, followed by a sub-acute toxicity test. During the test there were several parameters that should be considered periodically such as pH, temperature, and the death of biota test. The biota test used was the water lettuce plant (Pistia stratiotes) because this plant is sensitive to the change that happens in the environment around it, besides that this plant is also easy to obtain and the price is affordable. The results of this study are expected to provide an alternative for flowing effluent containing chlorine and copper (II) sulphate disinfectants into plant ponds.
Based on the research, copper (II) sulphate disinfectant is more toxic than chlorine disinfectant based on the LC50 value of 55 mg/L, while the LC50 value of chlorine disinfectant is 120 mg/L. For the contact time of the chlorine disinfectant against the test biota of the water lettuce plant (Pistia stratiotes) occurred in the first week. The contact time of the chlorine disinfectant to the test biota of the water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes) occurred in the first week. The form of the effect that occurs is the presence of chlorosis symptoms on the leaves and roots, as well as the death of microbes around the roots.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Pistia stratiotes, Chlorine Disinfectant, Copper (II) Sulphate Disinfectant, LC50, Contact Time , Disinfektan Klorin, Disinfektan Tembaga (II) Sulfat
Subjects:	Q Science > QH Biology > QH541.15.T68 Toxicity testing T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD433 Water treatment plants
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Rizqi Farikha Sekar
Date Deposited:	29 Jul 2023 16:11
Last Modified:	29 Jul 2023 16:11
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/99884

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