Perencanaan Instalasi Pengolahan Lindi di Tempat Pengolahan Sampah Terpadu Refused Derived Fuel (TPST RDF) Cilacap

Khairani, Ridha Rahmi (2023) Perencanaan Instalasi Pengolahan Lindi di Tempat Pengolahan Sampah Terpadu Refused Derived Fuel (TPST RDF) Cilacap. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

TPST RDF Cilacap menggunakan sistem biodrying untuk mengelola sampah. Produk yang dihasilkan yaitu Refused Derived Fuel (RDF) yang digunakan sebagai bahan bakar serta residu berupa lindi. Pada proses biodrying, kadar air berkurang akibat penguapan menggunakan panas dari biodegradasi komponen sampah secara aerobik. Selain itu, sebagian air dapat merembes melalui tumpukan sampah dan terkumpul di dasar reaktor biodrying sebagai lindi. Lindi mengandung berbagai parameter pencemar dengan konsentrasi yang fluktuatif. Pada penelitian ini diperlukan data primer berupa karakteristik lindi dari proses produksi RDF, meliputi konsentrasi pencemar dan debitnya. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada inlet dan outlet bak pengumpul lindi. Konsentrasi pencemar pada lindi didapat dengan sampling lalu diuji di Laboratorium Lingkungan Cilacap. Debit diukur dengan metode tampung. Parameter yang digunakan yaitu suhu, pH, BOD, COD, TSS, nitrat, dan nitrit. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa inlet bak pengumpul memiliki suhu 32,4 oC, pH 7,3, BOD5 68.541 mg/L, COD 106.081 mg/L, TSS 728 mg/L, nitrat 11,3 mg/L, dan nitrit 0,13 mg/L. Sedangkan outlet bak pengumpul memiliki suhu 32oC, pH 7,4, BOD5 12.084 mg/L, COD 18.424 mg/L, TSS 744 mg/L, nitrat 10,1 mg/L, dan nitrit 0,15 mg/L. Berdasarkan data tersebut, maka parameter yang belum memenuhi baku mutu Perda Jateng Nomor 5 Tahun 2012 tentang Baku Mutu Air Limbah untuk Usaha dan/atau Kegiatan yang Belum Ditetapkan Baku Mutunya adalah BOD5, COD, dan TSS.
Hasil pengukuran debit diketahui bahwa debit rata-rata sebesar 6,46 m3/hari dan debit maksimum 8,50 m3/hari. Lindi dari TPST RDF memiliki suhu yang hangat, pH basa lemah mendekati netral, dan kandungan organik yang tinggi namun bersifat biodegradable. Pengolahan lindi dilakukan untuk menurunkan konsentrasi pencemar hingga sesuai baku mutu. Unit pengolahan yang digunakan adalah anaerobic baffle reactor (ABR), anaerobik biofilter (ABF), dan constructed wetland (CW). Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa untuk mengolah lindi dibutuhkan ABR dengan 6 kompartemen dan total HRT 93,47 jam, ABF dengan 2 kompartemen dan total HRT 32,10 jam, dan CW dengan HRT 14,34 hari. ABR memiliki dimensi lebar 2,2 m, panjang downflow 0,25 m, panjang upflow 0,75 m, dan kedalaman 2 m. ABF memiliki dimensi lebar 2,2 m, panjang 1,25 m, dan kedalaman 1,8 m. CW memiliki dimensi lebar 5 m, panjang 8 m, dan kedalaman 0,6 m. Biaya yang dibutuhkan untuk membangun unit pengolahan lindi adalah Rp 286.008.088.
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TPST RDF Cilacap uses a biodrying system to manage solid waste. The resulting product is Refused Derived Fuel (RDF) which is used as fuel and residue in the form of leachate. In the biodrying process, the water content is reduced due to evaporation using heat from the aerobic biodegradation of waste components. In addition, some of the water may seep through the waste pile and collect at the bottom of the biodrying reactor as leachate. Leachate contains various pollutant parameters with fluctuating concentrations.
This study required primary data such as leachate characteristics from the RDF production process, including pollutant concentrations and rate of flow. Sampling was carried out at the inlet and outlet of the leachate collection basin. Contaminant concentrations in leachate were obtained by sampling and then tested at the Cilacap Environmental Laboratory. The rate of flow is measured by the capacity method. The parameters used were temperature, pH, BOD, COD, TSS, nitrate, and nitrite. The test results showed that the inlet had a temperature of 32,4 oC, pH 7,3, BOD5 68.541 mg/L, COD 106.081 mg/L, TSS 728 mg/L, nitrate 11,3 mg/L, and nitrite 0,13 mg/L. Meanwhile, the outlet had a temperature of 32oC, pH 7,4, BOD5 12.084 mg/L, COD 18.424 mg/L, TSS 744 mg/L, nitrate 10,1 mg/L, and nitrite 0,15 mg/L. Based on these data, the parameters that do not meet the quality standards of Central Java Regional Regulation No. 5 of 2012 concerning Quality Standards for Wastewater for Businesses and/or Activities whose Quality Standards Have Not Been Established are BOD5, COD, and TSS.
The results of rate of flow measurements show that the average flow is 6,46 m3/day and the maximum flow is 8,50 m3/day. Leachate from TPST RDF has a warm temperature, a weakly basic pH close to neutral, and a high organic content but is biodegradable. Leachate processing is carried out to reduce pollutant concentrations to meet quality standards. The treatment units used are anaerobic baffle reactor (ABR), anaerobic biofilter (ABF), and constructed wetland. The calculation results show that to treat leachate requires ABR with 6 compartments and a total HRT of 93,47 hours, ABF with 2 compartments and a total HRT of 32,10 hours, and constructed wetlands with a HRT of 14,34 days. ABR has dimensions of 2,2 m wide, 0,25 m downflow length, 0,75 m upflow length, and 2 m depth. ABF has dimensions of 2,2 m wide, 1,25 m long and 1,8 m deep. The constructed wetland has dimensions of 5 m wide, 8 m long and 0,6 m deep. The cost required to build a leachate processing unit is IDR 286.008.088.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Anaerobic baffled reactor, Anaerobic filter, Constructed wetland, Leachate, Waste treatment, Anaerobic baffled reactor, Anaerobic filter, Constructed wetland, Lindi, Pengolahan limbah
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD756.45 Anaerobic treatment T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD795.7 Sanitary landfills. Leachate--Purification.
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Ridha Rahmi Khairani
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2023 02:46
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2023 02:46
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/99893

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