Perencanaan Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) Rumah Pemotongan Hewan di Kelurahan Banjar Sugihan, Kecamatan Tandes, Surabaya

Muhammad, Alam Hannaan (2023) Perencanaan Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) Rumah Pemotongan Hewan di Kelurahan Banjar Sugihan, Kecamatan Tandes, Surabaya. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Rumah pemotongan hewan (RPH) adalah kompleks bangunan dengan desain dan konstruksi khusus yang memenuhi persyaratan teknis dan higiene tertentu serta digunakan sebagai tempat memotong hewan pemotongan selain unggas bagi konsumsi masyarakat. RPH Surabaya berada pada dua lokasi yang berbada, yaitu RPH Pegirian dan RPH Kedurus. RPH Pegirian menimbulkan bau yang tidak sedap dan mengganggu masyarakat sekitar, sementara RPH Kedurus berada di tepi Kali Surabaya sehingga berpotensi untuk mencemari air di Kali Surabaya. Oleh karena itu, Perusahaan Daerah RPH Surabaya akan melakukan pengembangan dan pemindahan RPH ke lokasi baru, yaitu di Kelurahan Banjar Sugihan, Kecamatan Tandes, Surabaya. Pengembangan tersebut akan membutuhkan instalasi pengolahan air limbah baru yang dapat mengolah air limbah RPH dan domestik dengan potensi beban pencemar yang lebih tinggi. Oleh karena itu, perlu dirancang sebuah IPAL yang sesuai dengan karakteristik air limbah, kondisi lapangan, dan syarat-syarat perancangan. Studi perencanaan ini didahului dengan mencari data primer yang diperoleh dari kegiatan wawancara dan uji laboratorium, untuk mengidentifikasi kuantitas dan kualitas air limbah RPH. Uji laboratorium dilakukan untuk menganalisis enam parameter kunci pada air limbah industri dan domestik RPH yaitu pH, TSS, Minyak dan Lemak, BOD, COD, dan NH3 . Sampel air yang diujikan berasal dari limbah hasil aktivitas pemotongan dan pembersihan hewan serta limbah domestik pada RPH. Dari hasil laboratorium diperoleh kualitas air limbah yang berbeda akibat perbedaan kapasitas pemotongan hewan maksimum dan jumlah karyawan yang bekerja. Hasil uji laboratorium dan wawancara diolah dan digunakan untuk merancang unit-unit pengolahan yang sesuai secara detail. Perancangan unit dilengkapi dengan perhitungan teknis, rancangan anggaran biaya, serta gambar detailnya. Berdasarkan hasil analisis laboratorium dan studi literatur, didapatkan karakteristik air limbah campuran dari air limbah pemotongan dan pembersihan serta air limbah domestik dari PD RPH Surabaya yaitu BOD sebesar 2881,73 mg/L, COD sebesar 5384,17 mg/L, TSS sebesar 2812,35 mg/L, Minyak dan lemak sebesar 1034,68 mg/L, NH3-N (Ammonia) sebesar 116,34 mg/L, pH sebesar 8,04, dan Total koliform sebesar 1,1 x 107 MPN/100 mL. Selain itu, dari hasil analisis didapatkan sistem pengolahan yang terpilih berupa unit barscreen, unit dissolved qir flotation, unit tangki ekualisasi, dan unit solid separation berupa bak pengendap 1 sebagai tahap primary treatment, unit Anaerobic Biofilter, unit Aerobic Biofilter, dan unit Fully Mixed Digester sebagai tahap Secondaryl Treatment, dan unit clarifier sebagai bak pengendap 2 dan unit desinfeksi. Diperkirakan biaya yang dibutuhkan untuk pembangunan instalasi pengolahan air limbah sebesar Rp5.141.000.000,00.
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Slaughterhouse (RPH) is a complex building with a special design and construction that meets certain technical and hygienic requirements and is used as a place for slaughtering animals other than poultry for public consumption. RPH Surabaya is in two different locations, namely RPH Pegirian and RPH Kedurus. RPH Pegirian creates an unpleasant odor and disturbs the surrounding community, while the RPH Kedurus is located on the side of the Surabaya River so it has the potential to pollute the air in the Surabaya River. Therefore, the Regional RPH Surabaya Company will carry out the development and transfer of the RPH to a new location, namely in Banjar Sugihan Village, Tandes District, Surabaya. The development will require a new wastewater treatment plant that can treat RPH and domestic wastewater with potentially higher pollutant loads. Therefore, it is necessary to design an WWTP according to the wastewater characteristics, field conditions and design requirements.
This design study was preceded by seeking primary data obtained from interviews and laboratory tests, to identify the authenticity and quality of RPH wastewater. Laboratory tests were carried out to analyze six key parameters in RPH industrial and domestic wastewater, namely pH, TSS, Oil and Grease, BOD, COD, and NH3 . The air samples tested came from waste resulting from animal slaughtering and cleaning activities as well as domestic waste at the RPH. Laboratory results obtained different quality of wastewater due to differences in maximum slaughtering capacity and the number of employees working. The results of laboratory tests and interviews are processed and used to design appropriate processing units in detail. The unit design is accompanied by technical calculations, budget plans, and detailed drawings.
Based on the results of laboratory analysis and literature studies obtained mixed wastewater from cutting and cleaning wastewater and domestic wastewater from PD RPH Surabaya, namely BOD of 2881.73 mg/L, COD of 5384.17 mg/L, TSS of 2812.35 mg/L, Oil and fat of 1034.68 mg/L, NH3-N (Ammonia) of 116.34 mg/L, pH of 8.04, and Total coliform of 1.1 x 107 MPN/100 mL. In addition, from the results of the analysis, it was found that the selected treatment systems were barscreen units, dissolved qir flotation units, equalization tank units, and solid separation units in the form of settling basin 1 as the primary treatment stage, Anaerobic Biofilter units, Aerobic Biofilter units, and Fully Mixed Digester units as the Secondary Treatment stage, and clarifier units as settling tanks 2 and disinfection units. The estimated cost required for the construction of a wastewater treatment plant is Rp5,141,000,000.00.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Wastewater Treatment Plants, Slaughterhouse, Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL), Rumah Pemotongan Hewan (RPH)
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD433 Water treatment plants
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Muhammad Alam Hannaan
Date Deposited:	29 Jul 2023 14:58
Last Modified:	29 Jul 2023 14:58
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/99910

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