Hariputra, Hosea Amadeus and Tarigan, Alfredo Junianto (2023) Pra Rancangan Pabrik Bioetanol dari Limbah Kulit Kopi dengan Proses Fermentasi Menggunakan Ragi Saccharomyces Cerevisiae. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara pengguna kendaraan bermotor terbesar di dunia. Namun, kebutuhan bahan bakar kendaraan bermotor di Indonesia masih sangat bergantung pada bahan bakar fosil sehingga perlu energi terbarukan sebagai alternatif dimana salah satu yang dapat digunakan adalah bahan bakar etanol atau disebut juga bioetanol. Salah satu bahan yang potensial untuk diolah menjadi bioetanol adalah limbah kulit kopi. Limbah kulit kopi mempunyai kandungan serat sebesar 65,2 %. Sementara, serat pada kulit kopi tersusun atas 49% selulosa; 24,5% hemiselulosa; dan lignin 7,63%. Berdasarkan data yang didapat dari United States Department of Agriculture diketahui bahwa produksi kopi Indonesia pada Juni 2022 yaitu sebesar 11350 ribu kantong dengan berat masing-masing kantong adalah 60 kg (6,488% terhadap total hasil dunia). Diketahui juga bahwa pengolahan kopi pada industri biasanya akan menghasilkan 65% biji kopi dan 35% limbah kulit kopi. Sehingga, bahan baku pembuatan bioetanol dari kulit kopi ini masih sangat berlimpah di Indonesia. Pra Desain Pabrik Bioetanol dari Limbah Kulit Kopi ini direncanakan mulai beroperasi tahun 2028 dengan kapasitas produksi sebesar 8.8 Juta L/tahun. Lokasi pendirian pabrik direncanakan di Empat Lawang, Sumatera Selatam. Secara garis besar proses dilakukan pembuatan bioetanol ini adalah pre-treatment dengan metode steam explosion dan metode alkali (delignifikasi) dengan NaOH untuk pemisahan antara selulosa dan lignin, kemudian hidrolisis dengan metode untuk Simultaneous Saccharification and Co-Fermentation (SSCF) dan pemurnian dengan menggunakan kolom distilasi serta proses dehidrasi dengan metode silica gel. Pengadaan alat dari pabrik ini akan dilakukan pada tahun yang sama dengan Pembangunan pabrik dengan modal sendiri sebesar 40% dari biaya investasi dan modal pinjaman sebesar 60% dari investasi dengan bunga sebesar 9,25%. Maka nilai NPV sebesar $631.030 atau Rp 9.848.674,52, nilai Internal Rate of Return sebesar 12,06% dengan memasang harga jual produk $14,31/liter, dengan Pay Out Time pada 2036 dan BEP sebesar 47%.
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Indonesia is one of the largest motorized vehicle users in the world. However, the need for motorized vehicle fuel in Indonesia is still very dependent on fossil fuels, so it needs renewable energy as an alternative, and one that can be used is ethanol fuel, also called bioethanol. One of the potential materials to be processed into bioethanol is coffee husk waste. Coffee skin waste has a fiber content of 65.2%. Meanwhile, the fiber in the coffee skin is composed of 49% cellulose, 24.5% hemicellulose, and 7.63% lignin. Based on data obtained from the United States Department of Agriculture, it is known that Indonesia's coffee production in June 2022 will be 11,350 thousand bags with a weight of 60 kg each (6.488% of the world's total). It is also known that coffee processing in the industry will usually produce 65% coffee beans and 35% coffee skin waste. Thus, the raw material for making bioethanol from coffee husks is still very abundant in Indonesia. Pre Design Bioethanol Plant from Coffee Skin Waste is planned to start operating in 2028 with a production capacity of 8.8 million L/year. The factory location is planned to be in Empat Lawang, South Sumatra. Broadly speaking, the process for making bioethanol involves pre-treatment using the steam explosion method and the alkaline (delignification) method with NaOH to separate cellulose and lignin, then hydrolysis using the Simultaneous Saccharification and Co-Fermentation (SSCF) method, purification using a distillation column, and dehydration using the silica gel method. The procurement of equipment from this factory will be carried out in the same year as the construction of the factory with own capital of 40% of the investment cost and loan capital of 60% of the investment with an interest rate of 9.25%. Then the NPV value is $ 631,030 or IDR 9,848,674.52, and the Internal Rate of Return is 12.06% by setting a product selling price of $ 14.31 per liter, with a pay-out time of 2036 and a BEP of 47%.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Bioetanol, Dehidrasi, Distilasi, Limbah Kulit Kopi, Pre-treatment Alkali, Simultaneous Saccharification and Co-Fermentation (SSCF), Steam Explotion, Dehydration, Distillation, Coffee Peel Waste, Pre-treatment Alkali, Simultaneous Saccharification and Co-Fermentation (SSCF), Steam Explotion. |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD320 Cellulose. Hydrolysis T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP248.3 Biochemical engineering. Bioprocess engineering T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP339 Ethanol as fuel. Biomass energy. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Alfredo Junianto Tarigan |
| Date Deposited: | 31 Jul 2023 06:46 |
| Last Modified: | 31 Jul 2023 06:46 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/99984 |
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