Analisis Reduksi Emisi PM 2.5 Dengan Peralihan Pengguna Moda Transportasi Pribadi Lokal Ke Pedestrian Di Kota Jakarta Pusat : Kawasan M.H. Thamrin

Nabila, Nasywa Ainun (2024) Analisis Reduksi Emisi PM 2.5 Dengan Peralihan Pengguna Moda Transportasi Pribadi Lokal Ke Pedestrian Di Kota Jakarta Pusat : Kawasan M.H. Thamrin. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Kota Jakarta Pusat sebagai salah satu kota administratif bagian dari Provinsi DKI Jakarta dengan tingkat kepadatan penduduk paling tinggi sebesar 20.360 per km2. Dari keseluruhan padatnya aktivitas penduduk memberikan dampak serius pada kualitas udara lingkungan. Jumlah kendaraan bermotor (terdiri atas : sepeda motor, mobil penumpang, mobil beban, kendaraan khusus, dan bus) di Jakarta tercatat sebanyak 23.025.101 unit. Angka tersebut dapat menjadi persoalan yang krusial mengingat bahwa sektor transportasi menjadi penyumbang terbesar emisi udara dengan PM 2.5 sebagai polutan utamanya. kualitas udara Jakarta terpantau tidak sehat (bagi kelompok sensitif) dengan konsentrasi PM 2.5 mencapai dua setengah kali lipat dari batas aman sesuai standar WHO. Indeks kualitas udara Jakarta jika dirata-rata sebesar 77 AQI US dengan rata-rata konsentrasi PM_2.5 sebesar 37,6 µg/m³. Oleh karena itu diperlukannya inovasi untuk mengurangi penggunaan kendaraan bermotor pribadi. Salah satunya dengan cara mengurangi sumber emisi melalui pembangunan infrastruktur pedestrian, dimana pengguna kendaraan bermotor diharapkan mau berpindah ke berjalan kaki. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menentukan persentase minat pengguna kendaraan pribadi di Kawasan M.H Thamrin, Jakarta Pusat yang bersedia berpindah ke pejalan kaki yang selanjutnya dapat digunakan untuk menghitung perubahan emisi yang terjadi jika masyarakat pengguna kendaraan pribadi bersedia berpindah ke pejalan kaki. Penelitian ini dilakukan kepada 354 responden pengguna kendaraan pribadi di Kawasan M.H Thamrin dengan menggunakan metode random sampling dalam pengambilan data responden. Hasil survei minat pengguna di lakukan analisis faktor menggunakan aplikasi SPSS untuk menentukan faktor signifikan terkait minat pengguna kendaraan pribadi untuk berpindah. Perhitungan emisi dilakukan berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup No. 12 tahun 2010. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan sebanyak 91,5% pengguna kendaraan pribadi dari 12.830 penduduk kawasan M.H Thamrin bersedia berpindah ke pedestrian yang terdiri dari 65,1% pengguna motor dan 34,9% pengguna mobil. Faktor yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat masyarakat untuk berpindah yakni tersedianya jalur pedestrian yang luas (>2 m). Adapun dengan adanya upaya pemindahan kendaraan bermotor pribadi ke pedestrian, emisi PM2.5 di Kawasan M.H Thamrin Jakarta Pusat dapat tereduksi sebesar 93,04% yakni 0,656 ton PM2.5/tahun.
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Central Jakarta, as one of the administrative cities within the DKI Jakarta Province, has the highest population density at 20,360 people per km². The overall density of population activities has a serious impact on the quality of the environment. The number of motorized vehicles (including motorcycles, passenger cars, freight cars, special vehicles, and buses) in Jakarta is recorded at 23,025,101 units. This figure can be a crucial issue, considering that the transportation sector is the largest contributor to air emissions, with PM_2.5 as its main pollutant. The air quality in Central Jakarta is observed to be unhealthy (for sensitive groups), with a PM_2.5 concentration reaching twice the safe limit according to WHO standards. Jakarta's air quality index averages 77 AQI US with an average PM_2.5 concentration of 37.6 µg/m³. Therefore, there is a need for innovation to reduce the use of private motorized vehicles. One approach is to reduce emission sources through the development of pedestrian infrastructure, encouraging motorized vehicle users to switch to walking. This research aims to determine the percentage of interest among private vehicle users in M.H Thamrin area, Central Jakarta who are willing to switch to walking. This information can then be used to calculate the emission changes that would occur if private vehicle users are willing to switch to walking. The study involved 354 respondents who are private vehicle users in Central Jakarta, selected through random sampling to gather respondent data. Survey results on user interest were analyzed using the SPSS application to determine significant factors related to the willingness of private vehicle users to switch. Emission calculations were based on the Minister of Environment Regulation No. 12 of 2010. The results of this research show that 91.5% of private vehicle users out of 12,830 residents of the M.H Thamrin area are willing to move to pedestrians, consisting of 65.1% of motorbike users and 34.9% of car users. The factor that has a significant influence on people's interest in moving is the availability of wide pedestrian paths (>2 m). Meanwhile, with efforts to move private motorized vehicles to pedestrians, PM2.5 emissions in the M.H Thamrin area, Central Jakarta can be reduced by 93.04%, namely 0,656 tons of PM 2.5/year.

Item Type: Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Analisis Faktor, Emisi, , Kendaraan Pribadi,Pedestrian, PM 2.5 ============================================================ Emission, Factor Analysis, Pedestrian, PM 2.5, Private Vehicles
Subjects: G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences
G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences > GE195.5 Green movement
T Technology > T Technology (General)
T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD171.75 Climate change mitigation
T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD883 Air quality management.
T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD883.5 Air--Pollution
T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD886.5 Motor vehicles--Motors--Exhaust gas--Environmental aspects.
Divisions: Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User: Nasywa Ainun Nabila
Date Deposited: 31 Jul 2024 03:28
Last Modified: 09 Sep 2024 04:40
URI: http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/109486

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