Peningkatan produksi Biogas sampah pasar dengan penambahan M-16 dan pengadukan menggunakan Digester Anaerobik

Abdullah, Nurjannah Oktorina (2017) Peningkatan produksi Biogas sampah pasar dengan penambahan M-16 dan pengadukan menggunakan Digester Anaerobik. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Berdasarkan UU No. 18 Tahun 2008, tindakan pengelolaan sampah harus dilakukan pada sumbernya termasuk sampah domestik, komersil, dan institusi untuk meminimalisasikan adanya sampah. Hal ini termasuk tindakan 3R (Reduce, Reuse, dan Recycle). Sampah pasar berupa limbah sayuran memiliki potensi untuk menghasilkan biogas karena mempunyai komposisi kimia yakni hemiselulosa, selulosa, dan lignin yang menjadikan biomassa ini dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku biogas. Terdapat beberapa kekurangan dalam pemanfaatan limbah sayuran yaitu bersifat asam sehingga diperlukan suatu bahan yang bisa menjadi buffer dalam proses pembuatan biogas. Salah satu bahan yang mudah diperoleh dapat menggunakan feses sapi sebagai buffer.
Penelitian ini menggunakan 24 reaktor biogas volume 6 L dengan metode batch. Perbandingan komposisi limbah sayuran segar dan feses sapi sebesar 70:30 %w/w. Perbandingan total solid dan air sebesar (10:90 dan 20:80 %v/v). Frekuensi pengadukan adalah 8 kali/hari dan 4 kali/hari selama 5 menit. Pengukuran volume biogas dengan menghitung kenaikan pada manometer. Pengukuran kadar metan pada biogas dilakukan dengan menggunakan Gas Chromatography (GC) Hewlett Packard (HP-series 6890) pada hari 15 dan 30. Penelitian diawali dengan karakterisasi sampel, pengujian sampel dengan analisis total solid, volatil solid, lignin, rasio C/N, amonium, dan ash. Pengukuran yang dilakukan setiap hari adalah analisis pH, suhu, dan volume biogas di workshop.
Penambahan feses sapi dengan total solid 10% pada pengadukan 8 kali menghasilkan volume biogas tertinggi sebanyak 5.602 mL. Penambahan M-16 dengan total solid 10% pada pengadukan 8 kali menghasilkan volume biogas tertinggi sebanyak 1.498 mL. Penambahan feses sapi dengan total solid 20% pada pengadukan 8 kali menghasilkan volume biogas tertinggi sebanyak 8.768 mL. Penambahan M-16 dengan total solid 20% pada pengadukan 8 kali menghasilkan volume biogas tertinggi sebanyak 2.019 mL.

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Based on Indonesian Government Regulation (Undang-Undang) number 18, 2008, solid waste management should be conducted from the source to minimize the amount of waste. The process includes the waste from domestic, commercial, and institution. This also includes in 3R program (reduce, reuse, and recycle). Vegetable waste from market is a potential material to produce biogas due to its chemical composition (hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin) which transform the biomass to be the raw material of biogas. Acid substance of vegetable becomes an obstacle in process of producing biogas. There has to be buffer material which can improve the performance of biogas process. Cow manure is a material which can be easily obtained as buffer.
This research used 24 biogas reactor in volume 6 L by batch method. Composition comparison of fresh vegetable waste and cow manure is 70:30 %w/w. Comparison of total solid and water is (10:90 and 20:80 %v/v). Mixing frequency is 8 times per day and 4 times per day for 5 minutes. Biogas volume is measured by checking the preferment in manometer. Methane measurement is conducted by using Gas Chromatography (GC) Hewlett Packard (HP-series 6890) in day 15 and 30. The research was started by sample characterization, sample test by total solid analysis, volatile solid, lignin, ratio C/N, ammonium, and ash. Analysis of pH, temperature, and biogas volume is conducted everyday.
Cow manure which was added with total solid 10% in 8 times mixing, produced the highest biogas in volume 5.407 mL. The addition of M-16 with total solid 10% in 8 times mixing, produced the highest biogas in volume 1.417 mL. Cow manure which was added with total solid 20% in 8 times mixing, produced the highest biogas in volume 8.743 ml. The addition of M-16 with total solid 20% in 8 times mixing, produced the highest biogas in volume 2.019 mL.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Biogas; cow manure; stirring time; vegetable waste; Feses sapi; Frekuensi pengadukan; Sampah sayuran
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD789 Refuse and refuse disposal T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP359 Biogas
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Environment Engineering > 25101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	NURJANNAH OKTORINA ABDULLAH
Date Deposited:	15 Mar 2017 07:58
Last Modified:	19 Dec 2017 06:43
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/2050

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