Asror, Khozin and Emilia, Ayu Rahma (2017) Pengaruh Suhu Dan Konsentrasi NaOH Pada Proses Hidrothermal Jerami Padi Untuk Bahan Baku Biogas. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Dalam dekade terakhir, tingkat konsumsi energi semakin tinggi, sedangkan sumber energi fosil terbatas. Sehingga diperlukan usaha untuk mendapatkan energi terbarukan. Disisi lain, limbah pertanian sangat melimpah di Indonesia, salah satunya adalah jerami padi yang dapat dibuat untuk bahan baku biogas sebagai energi terbarukan. Komponen terbesar penyusun jerami padi adalah selulosa (35-50%), hemiselulosa (20-35%) dan lignin (10-25%). Selulosa dan hemiselulosa merupakan komponen jerami padi yang dapat dikonversikan menjadi biogas. Sedangkan lignin pada jerami padi sulit terdegradasi dan dapat menghalangi mikroorganisme pembentuk biogas mendegradasi selulosa dan hemiselulosa, sehingga diperlukan pretreatment untuk melepaskan ikatan lignin dengan selulosa dan hemiselulosa. Pretreatment dilakukan secara hydrothermal dengan penambahan NaOH. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pretreatment hidrothermal alkali pada jerami terhadap delignifikasi lignin, kelarutan selulosa dan hemiselulosa, terbentukmya gula reduksi dan furfural, serta penurunuran derajat kristalinitas selulosa yang berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan yield biogas. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan 200 gram jerami padi dengan ukuran ±5 cm dan perendaman dalam air selama 6 jam. Variabel yang digunakan yaitu NaOH sebesar 3%, 5%, dan 7% (b/TS) dan suhu 100°C, 120°C dan 140°C. Preteatment dilakukan menggunakan autoclave dengan perbandingan air dan jerami 8:1 dengan pemanasan selama 2 jam. Setelah proses pretreatment padatan jerami dan filtrat dipisahkan, kemudian padatan jerami dikeringkan. Hasil dari penelitian ini diketahui bahwa pretreatment hidrothermal dan NaOH mampu meningkatkan degradasi organik jerami padi yang diindikasikan oleh meningkatnya delignifikasi jerami padi dan meningkatnya kadar gula yang larut dalam air. semakin tinggi suhu dan konsentrasi NaOH maka semakin banyak lignin dan hemiselulosa yang larut. Sedangkan gula reduksi yang terbentuk mengalami peningkatan berdasarkan kenaikan suhu dan konsentrasi NaOH. Sehingga didaptakan kecenderungan bahwa degradasi organik jerami padi tertinggi terjadi pada suhu dan konsentrasi NaOH yang lebih tinggi. ======================================================================================= In the last decade, the level of energy consumption is more higher, whereas the fossil energy sources is limited.. So that the efforts is needed to obtain renewable energy. On the other hand, agricultural waste are abundant in Indonesia, one of which is rice straw that can be made to the raw material of biogas as a renewable energy. The biggest components in the rice straw is cellulose (35- 50%), hemicellulose (20-35%) and lignin (10-25%). Cellulose and hemicellulose are the components of rice straw whose convertible into biogas. While the lignin in rice straw is a component that difficult to degradabled and can disrupt biogas-forming microorganisms to degrade cellulose and hemicellulose, pretreatment is requiring to release the lignin linkage with cellulose and hemicellulose. Hydrothermal pretreatment carried out with the addition of NaOH. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of alkali hydrothermal pretreatment on rice straw against delignification of lignin, solubility of cellulose and hemicellulose. The forming of sugar and furfural, and reducing the degree of crystallinity of cellulose that affect biogas yield. In this study, 200 grams of rice straw with a size of ± 5 cm and immersion in water for 6 hours is used. The variables that used are NaOH of 3%, 5% and 7% (w / TS) and 100 ° C, 120 ° C and 140 ° C temperatures. Preteatment carried out using an autoclave with ratio of water and Name : Advisor : Department : 1. Khozin Asror ( 2314105021) 2. Ayu Rahma Emilia (2314105032) Prof. Dr. Ir. Arief Widjaja, M.Eng Chemical Engineering, FTI-ITS straw are 8: 1 and heating for 2 hours. After the pretreatment, solids rice straw and the filtrate was separated, then the solids is dried. The conclusions of this study are obtained hydrothermal pretreatment can improve the degradation organic of the rice straw as indicated by increased delignification of the rice straw and the increased of dissolved sugar in water. Higher temperature and concentrations of NaOH, can causing lignin and hemicellulose more dissolved. While the formed reducing sugar is increased based on the increased temperature and the concentration of NaOH. So that the highest organic degradation is occur at higher temperatures and concentrations of NaOH.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Jerami padi; Pretreatment; Biogas; NaOH; Selulosa; Degradasi Organik; Hydrothermal; Rice Straw; Materials; Organic Degradation |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP359 Biogas |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | KHOZIN ASROR |
| Date Deposited: | 20 Apr 2017 04:07 |
| Last Modified: | 08 Mar 2019 06:35 |
| URI: | https://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/3691 |
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