Sidiq, Rian Septian (2017) Analisis penyebab dan pencegahan positive active mass degradation lead-acid battery berdasarkan komposisi senyawa kimia pada pasta positif (Studi kasus PT. Indobatt industri permai). Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Positive active mass degradation merupakan penyebab utama kegagalan pada aki. Penelitian ini akan difokuskan terhadap komposisi senyawa kimia massa aktif positif pada pasta aki, dengan tujuan dapat mencegah atau memperlambat terjadinya positive active mass degradation. Penelitian ini diawali dengan studi lapangan dan identifikasi permasalahan yang ada, mempelajari struktur dan reaksi pada aki, proses produksi aki di PT. Indobatt, dan melihat contoh-contoh bentuk kegagalan yang diakibatkan oleh positive active mass degradation pada aki. Dilanjutkan dengan mengumpulkan data historis dari aki yang akan diteliti. Data-data tersebut dapat berupa dugaan awal penyebab terjadinya positive active mass degradation dan juga data historis dalam proses pembentukan pasta yang terdiri dari beberapa senyawa kimia. Investigasi kerusakan menggunakan pengujian endurance pada aki, SEM dan XRD. Pengujian SEM dilakukan untuk mengetahui perubahan morfologi pada permukaan grid dan massa aktif, sementara pengujian XRD dilakukan untuk mengetahui fasa dan struktur kristal grid dan massa aktif dari sampel plat aki. Setelah melakukan pengujian, dilakukan analisis data dan pembahasan dari hasil pengujian yang telah dilakukan, yang kemudian dapat diambil kesimpulan dan saran dari hasil penelitian. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa degradasi massa aktif positif terjadi karena perubahan ukuran kristal dari massa aktif positif. Komposisi fasa kristal pada pasta yang memiliki life cycle paling lama yaitu pasta dengan komposisi pasta kristal 4BS, sementara plat positif aki yang diproduksi PT. Indobatt terbentuk dari pasta 3BS dan 1BS. Dalam proses persiapan pasta aki PT. Indobatt perlu mengubah rasio H2SO4/LO dalam %wt, dari 10% menjadi 5-6%. Jumlah dari volume H2O dan H2SO4 perlu diturunkan sampai minimal 150mL per kg LO dalam rangka menaikan density pasta. Temperatur proses persiapan pasta perlu ditingkatkan dari 65-70 oC menjadi 80-90 oC. ================================================================================ This study was conducted to analyze the causes of failure that occurred in lead-acid battery caused by positive active mass degradation. Analysis the cause of failure in this research will be focused on the composition of chemical compounds on the battery positive paste, with the aim of knowing the causes of positive active mass degradation and can provide a solution in preventing or delaying the occurrence of positive active mass degradation. This research was conducted by testing XRD, SEM and life cycle on the lead-acid battery produced by PT. Indobatt. This research begins with field studies and identification of existing problems, by studying the structure and the reaction of lead-acid battery, the battery production process at PT. Indobatt, and saw the examples of failures caused by the positive active mass degradation of the lead-acid battery. Followed by collecting historical data from the battery to be studied. These data can be an initial assumption of the cause of positive active mass degradation and also historical data in the process of forming a paste consisting of several chemical compounds. Damage investigation in this research was using endurance testing on lead-acid battery, SEM and XRD. The SEM test was performed to determine the morphological changes on the grid surface and the active mass, while XRD testing was performed to determine the phase as well as grid crystal structure and the active mass of the battery plate sample. After conducting the test, conducted data analysis and discussion of test results that have been done, which can be drawn conclusions and recomendations from the results of research. The results of this study shown that positive active mass degradation occurs due to changes in crystal size of the active positive mass. The crystalline phase composition of the paste having the longest life cycle is a paste with 4BS crystalline composition, while the positive plate paste of the battery produced by PT. Indobatt have a crystal compositions of 62.9% 3BS, 35% tet-PbO, and 2.1% 4BS. Paste preparation of PT. Indobatt needs to change the ratio of H2SO4/LO in% wt, from 10% to 5-6%, and change the temperature of the paste preparation process from 65 oC to 80-90 oC in due to form a 4BS crystalline phase. The sum of the volume of H2O and H2SO4 needs to be lowered to a minimum of 150mL per kg LO in order to increase the density of the paste.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Lead-Acid Battery, Aki, Pt. Indobatt, Positive Active Mass Degradation, Pasta, Senyawa Kimia, SEM, XRD |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | - Rian Septian Sidiq |
| Date Deposited: | 20 Sep 2017 02:05 |
| Last Modified: | 06 Mar 2019 02:38 |
| URI: | https://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/43748 |
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