Fauzi, Akhmat (2017) Pembuatan Flokulan Starch-Graft-Polyacrylamide Dengan Grafting To. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Pencangkokan polyacrylamide pada starch dalam pembuatan flokulan non-ionik dengan metode grafting to diharapkan dapat menghasilkan flokulan yang memiliki sifat unggul dari bahan pembentuknya dan mampu memenuhi kebutuhan dalam negeri untuk proses pengolahan air. Perubahan persentase efisiensi graft (%GE, Grafting Efficiency), presentase yield graft (%GY, Grafting Yield) dan viskositas intrinsik starch-g-polyacrylamide dengan teknik polimerisasi larutan dipelajari pengaruhnya terhadap konsentrasi inisiator dan konsentrasi terminator. Pada sintesa starch-g-polyacrylamide, proses polimerisasi dilakukan dalam reaktor gelas yang dilengkapi pengaduk dengan teknik polimerisasi larutan menggunakan metode grafting to. Dengan cara tersebut, proses polimerisasi starch-g-polyacrylamide dilakukan dalam dua tahap, yaitu sintesa non-terminated polyacrylamide dan reaksi coupling antara non-terminated polyacrylamide dengan starch. Produk dipresipitasi menggunakan aseton berlebih. Produk yang dihasilkan kemudian dikeringkan di dalam oven pada suhu 70oC lalu ditumbuk dengan . Produk yang telah halus ini kemudian dianalisa. Karakteristik produk starch-g-polyacrylamide dianalisa menggunakan uji Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dan X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). Sementara pengaruh konsentrasi terminator dan inisiator terhadap %GE, %GY dan viskositas intrinsik dipelajari. Berdasarkan hasil FTIR, diketahui bahwa starch-g-polyacrylamide sudah terbentuk dari starch dan polyacrylamide. Sementara berdasarkan uji XRD diperoleh starch-g-polyacrylamide tidak memiliki bentuk (amorf). Uji DSC menunjukkan bahwa starch-g-polyacrylamide memiliki temperatur transisi melting (Tm) pada 158,59 oC. Hasil SEM menunjukkan bahwa starch-g-polyacrylamide memiliki permukaan kasar sebagai hasil kombinasi starch dan polyacrylamide. Pada variabel konsentrasi inisiator, %GE cenderung mengalami kenaikan hingga konsentrasi inisiator 0,162 M kemudian mengalami penurunan. Sementara %GY cenderung mengalami kenaikan hingga konsentrasi inisiator 0,216 M. Viskositas intrinsic juga mengalami kenaikan sampai konsentrasi inisiator 0,162 M kemudian mengalami penurunan. Untuk variabel konsentrasi terminator, %GE dan %GY cenderung naik hingga konsentrasi terminator 0,003633 M, kemudian mengalami penurunan. Viskositas intrinsik juga mengalami kenaikan sampai konsentrasi terminator 0,003633 M kemudian mengalami penurunan.
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Combination of starch and polyacrylamide in production of
non-ionic flocculant
using grafting
to method are new
development to produce flocculants
with superior properties of the
constituent materials and
to fullfil the needed of flocculant
for the water treatment process.
In this study, the change of
% GE,% GY and the intrinsic viscosity of starch-g-polyacrylamide with
solution polymerization techniques
was studied. The effect of
initiator concentration and terminator concentration
was studied
in this research.
In the synthesis of starch-g-polyacrylamide, the
polymerization process carried out in a glass reactor equipped with a stirrer with a solution polymerization using grafting to method. The polymerization process of starch-g-polyacrylamide
carried out in two stages, namely the non-terminated
polyacrylamide synth
esis and coupling reactions between non-terminated polyacrylamide
and
starch. Product precipitated using
excess acetone. The resulting product is dried in an oven at 70
O
C
and then mashed. Products that have been refined is then
analyzed.
Characteristics of
starch
-
g
-
polyacrylamide is analyzed
using the test
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR),
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential scanning
calorimetry (DSC), and X ray powder diffraction (XRD).
Pursuant to result FTIR, known that St
-
g
-
Pa
m formed of starch
and polyacrylamide. While based on result XRD, known that St
-
g
-
Pam have amorphous form. The DSC test showed that starch
-
g
-
polyacrylamide have a melting transition temperature at
158,59
o
C
. The SEM results show that starch
-
g
-
p
olyacryla
mide
has a rough surface
as result combination
starch
and
polyacrylamide
. At variable of concentration initiator, % GE tend
to to go up until initiator concentration of 0,162 M, then
subsequently decreased. Meanwhile % GY tend to to go up until
initiator c
oncentration of 0,216 M, then subsequently decreased.
Intrinsic viscosity also increased until the initiator concentration of 0.162 M, then subsequently decreased. Meanwhile at variable of concentration terminator, % GE and % GY tend to to go up until terminator concentration of 0,003633 M, then subsequently decreased. Intrinsic viscosity also increased until the terminator concentration of 0,003633 M, then subsequently decreased.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSK 628.162 2 Fau p |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Kopolimer graft, Acrylamide, Starch, graft copolymer, acrylamide, starch |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP1140 Polymers |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Akhmat Fauzi . |
| Date Deposited: | 28 Nov 2017 07:05 |
| Last Modified: | 06 Mar 2019 04:44 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/44418 |
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