Abdullah, Taufik (2018) Studi Penurunan Kekeruhan Air Permukaan Dengan Proses Flokulasi Hydrocyclone Terbuka. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Kekeruhan air disebabkan oleh penurunan zat padat baik tersuspensi maupun koloid. Partikel koloid penyebab kekeruhan ini memiliki muatan yang stabil sehingga sulit untuk hilangkan. Partikel koloid menjadi stabil kerena bermuatan listrik yang sama sehingga timbul gaya tolak-menolak antar partikel. Partikel koloid ini disisihkan dengan cara koagulasi dan flokulasi. Proses koagulasi-flokulasi merupakan dua proses yang terangkai menjadi satu kesatuan proses yang tak terpisahkan. Flokulator yang biasa digunakan dalam pengolahan air berdasarkan besarnya energi yang disuplay ke dalam air adalah pengadukan mekanis, pneumatis, dan hidrolis. Secara umum flokulator pneumatis dan mekanis lebih fleksibel dalam power input, sedangkan pengadukan hidrolis tidak fleksibel dalam power input. Masing-masing jenis flokulator ini memiliki kekurangan yaitu membutuhkan lahan yang luas dan waktu detensi yang cukup lama.
Merujuk pada kekurangan tersebut, penelitian ini mencoba untuk menyederhanakan proses yang ada yaitu dengan memanfaatkan alat hyrocyclone terbuka yang sebagai flokulator dengan memanfaatkan proses pemisahan melalui perpaduan gaya gravitasi dan gaya sentrifugal. Faktor yang mempengaruhi efisiensi penyisihan kekeruhan pada hydrocyclone diantaranya panjang silinder, dan panjang cone. Penelitian ini akan mengkaji panjang silinder, dan panjang cone yang paling signifikan mempengaruhi kekeruhan secara serentak, serta menganalisis rentang kekeruhan air permukaan yang bisa digunakan oleh hydrocyclone tebuka.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, alat hydrocyclone terbuka bisa digunakan sebagai alat untuk mengurangai kekeruhan air permukan. Dihasilkan bahwa penyisihan kekeruhan paling baik terjadi pada variasi panjang silinder 30 cm dan panjang cone 50 cm, dengan persentasi penyisihan sebesar 93,83 % serta alat hydrocyclone terbuka paling baik digunakan untuk air permukaan dengan tingkat kekeruhan tinggi yaitu kekeruhan antara 100-154 NTU.
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Water turbidity were caused by both suspended and colloidal solids degradation. The colloidal particles that cause turbidity have a stable charge that is difficult to remove. The colloidal particles become stable because they were electrically charged so that there arises the repulsive forces between the particles. These colloid particles were set aside by coagulation and flocculation. The coagulation-flocculation process were the two processes that were assembled into one unity of inseparable process. Flocculators commonly used in water treatment based on the amount of energy supplied to water were mechanical, pneumatic, and hydraulic stirring. In general, the pneumatic and mechanical flocculators were more flexible in power input, while the hydraulic stirring was not flexible in the power input. Each type of flocculator have a deficiency that requires large areas and long detention time.
Referring to these shortcomings, this research tries to simplify the process namely utilizes the process of separation through a combination of gravity and centrifugal force. One of which was to made the open tool hydrocyclone. Factors affecting the efficiency of turbidity removal on hydrocyclone included structural, operational, and physical factors. In this research, there were variations on the structure factor that is the variation of cylinder length, cone length and physical factors such as turbidity variation. This study will examine the length of cylinder, and the most significant cone length affects turbidity simultaneously, and was used for what turbidity range.
The results show that, open hydrocyclone tool can be used as a tool to reduce the turbidity of the surface water. It was found that turbidity removal is best at 30 cm long cylinders and 50 cm cone length, with 93,83% removal percentage and open hydrocyclone tool is best used for surface water with high turbidity level between 100-154 NTU.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RTL 628.162 2 Abd s-1 3100018074358 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | hydrocyclone, kekeruhan air permukaan, panjang silinder, panjang cone |
| Subjects: | T Technology > T Technology (General) > T56.8 Project Management T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD455 Chemical precipitation. Coagulation. Flocculation. Water--Purification--Flocculation. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Environmental, and Geo Engineering > Environmental Engineering > 25101-(S2) Master Theses |
| Depositing User: | Abdullah Taufik |
| Date Deposited: | 28 Feb 2018 03:30 |
| Last Modified: | 13 Jun 2020 04:41 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/49560 |
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