Hikmawati, Desiana Nurul (2018) Integrasi Proses Elektrodialisis dan Pengendapan Struvite untuk Recovery Amonium dan Fosfat pada Air Limbah Industri Pupuk. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
Preview |
Text
03211550010209-Master_Thesis.pdf - Accepted Version Download (2MB) | Preview |
Abstract
Karakteristik air limbah industri pupuk umumnya memiliki kadar amonium dan fosfat yang tinggi, serta sejumlah kalsium dan fluorida. Air limbah yang tidak diolah dengan baik akan mengakibatkan eutrofikasi dan kematian pada biota air dalam badan air penerima. Pengolahan air limbah secara biologis, seringkali tidak efektif untuk mengolah air limbah. Recovery amonium dan fosfat dengan elektrodialisis untuk pembentukan pengendapan struvite merupakan alternatif pengolahan air limbah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh pH dan massa fosfat terhadap kinerja elektrodialisis dan menentukan rasio molar magnesium : amonium : fosfat yang optimum untuk pengendapan struvite.
Dalam penelitian ini, air limbah diberikan perlakuan pH dan penambahan massa fosfat. Perlakuan pH dan massa fosfat dilakukan pada 7,5, 8, 8,5, dan 9 serta 10-20, 20-50, dan 50-80 g. 2 buah reaktor elektrodialisis yang disusun secara seri digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Konsentrat reaktor elektrodialisis yang optimum digunakan sebagai bahan pengendapan struvite. Data konsentrat elektrodialisis diolah dengan perangkat lunak Phreeqc untuk prediksi rasio molar magnesium : amonium : fosfat untuk pengendapan struvite. Selain rasio molar, perlakuan pH untuk konsentrat dilakukan dengan menambahkan NaOH sampai pH konsentrat 8,5.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengaruh pH pada kinerja elektrodialisis terhadap recovery fosfat dan amonium berupa peningkatan recovery. Kecenderungan peningkatan optimum terjadi pada pH 8-8,5. Perubahan massa fosfat menyebabkan fluktuasi kinerja reaktor elektrodialisis dalam merecovery fosfat dan amonium. Rata-rata massa recovery yang didapatkan pada kombinasi pH 8 dan massa fosfat 20-50 g masing-masing adalah 1,88 g untuk recovery fosfat dan 5,4 g untuk recovery amonium. Hasil recovery yang stabil terjadi pada kombinasi pH 8,5 dan massa fosfat 10-20 g yaitu 1,07 g untuk recovery fosfat dan 5,88 g untuk recovery amonium. Untuk pengendapan struvite didapatkan perbandingan optimum yaitu 2,5 : 13 : 1 (magnesium : ammonium : fosfat) dan pH 8,5 sebagaimana hasil simulasi Phreeqc. Struvite yang dihasilkan dari rasio tersebut melalui identifikasi fase (aplikasi Match!) sebesar 57,3%, sedangkan sisanya fluorapatite dan MgF2. Analisis XRD, SEM, dan EDX menunjukkan bahwa struvite yang terbentuk adalah kristal amorphous karena hadirnya ion-ion pengotor pada permukaan struvite.
=========================================================
Characteristics of industrial wastewater fertilizers generally have high levels of ammonium and phosphate, and amount of calcium and fluoride. Wastewater that is not treated properly will occur eutrophication and death of biota in the receiving water body. Biological wastewater treatment relative was not enough efective for wastewater treatment. Recovery of ammonium and phosphate with electrodialysis for the struvite precipitation is an alternative to wastewater treatment. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of pH and phosphate loading rate on electrodialysis performance and to determine optimum the molar ratio magnesium : ammonium : fosfat for the precipitation of struvite.
In this experiment, feed water given treatment with HCl and NaOH (3M) for pH 7.5, 8, 8.5, 9. Another condition which given for feed water was phosphate mass. Feed water consisted of phosphate mass were 10-20, 20-50, and 50-80 g, respectively. Feed water which given treatment was streamed into electrodialysis reactor. Electrodialysis reactor consisted of two reactors which arranged in series way. One reactor arranged in two dilute compartments and an concentrate compartment. The optimum electrodialysis concentrates from running were the main liquid source for struvite precipitation. Prediction of molar ratio (magnesium : ammonium : phosphate) from electrodialysis concentrates were utilizied struvite precipitation using Phreeqc interactive simulation. Another struvite precipitate conditions in concentrate was pH. Concentrates were given NaOH until pH increased, 8.5 respectively.
Result showed which reactors performance influenced by pH for stable trend of phosphate and ammonium recovery in concentrate. The increased trend of phosphate and ammonium recovery were obtained in pH 8-8.5. Reactor performance for ammonium and phosphate recovery were fluctuations by increased phosphate mass. Phosphate mass ranges in 10-20 dan 20-50 g showed phosphate and ammonium recovery more stable than another. Phosphate mass average was obtained by pH 8 and 20-50 g, were 1.88 g phosphate recovery then 5.88 g ammonium recovery. Another stable result in pH 8.5 and 10-20 g phosphate mass showed 1.07 g phosphate recovery then 5.88 g ammonium recovery. The optimum concentrate used struvite precipitation was 13 : 1 (ammonium : phosphate). The concentrate was added magnesium 2.5 (ratio) and pH 8.5 based on phreeqc simulation. Molar ratio of magnesium : ammonium : phosphate was obtained 57.3% struvite, the rest of result showed fluorapatite and MgF2 from XRD phase identification using Match! software. XRD, SEM, and EDX analysis showed struvite which formed by impurity ions on struvite crystals surface were amorphous.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Amonium, Elektrodialisis, Fosfat, Struvite |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD420 Water pollution T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD455 Chemical precipitation. Coagulation. Flocculation. Water--Purification--Flocculation. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Environment Engineering > 25101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Desiana Nurul Hikmawati |
| Date Deposited: | 28 Jun 2021 08:22 |
| Last Modified: | 28 Jun 2021 08:22 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/56824 |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |