Ronanda, Helma Alwiga Triskio (2021) Kajian Penerapan Membran Mikrofiltrasi Terendam (Submerged Microfiltration Membrane) pada Instalasi Pengolahan Air (IPA) Siwalanpanji Sidoarjo. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Air baku IPA Siwalanpanji berasal dari buangan air sawah dan air limbah. Air baku memiliki kandungan zat organik dan E.coli yang tinggi. Karena keterbatasan performa instalasi konvensional pada IPA Siwalanpanji, maka diterapkan pre-klorinasi untuk menghilangkan bakteri. Apabila klorin bereaksi dengan zat organik akan menghasilkan produk sampingan yang berbahaya. Oleh karena itu, perencanaan membran mikrofiltrasi terendam dilakukan agar dapat menyisihkan bakteri, sehingga dapat menghemat biaya zat kimia untuk pre-klorinasi dan tidak menimbulkan produk sampingan klorin lebih banyak.
Penelitian ini dilakukan evaluasi kualitas air dan kinerja unit filter pasir cepat. Parameter yang digunakan pada evaluasi kualitas air adalah kekeruhan, pH, warna, zat organik, sisa klor, dan E.coli. Parameter yang melebihi baku mutu Permenkes No. 492 Tahun 2010 pada efluen unit filter pasir cepat adalah warna dan zat organik. Sedangkan, evaluasi kinerja pada unit filter pasir cepat mencakup parameter laju filtrasi, ketebalan media filter, persentase volume air backwash, dan nilai Unit Filter Run Volume (UFRV). Laju filtrasi sebesar 5,33 m3/m2.jam, sehingga memenuhi kriteria desain yaitu lebih dari 5 m3/m2.jam. Ketebalan media antrasit sebesar 200 mm yang menunjukkan bahwa ketebalan tersebut kurang dari kriteria desain 400-500 mm. Persentase penggunaan air backwash sebesar 3,29%, sehingga memenuhi kriteria desain yaitu 3-7%. Sedangkan, untuk nilai URFV adalah 215,26 m3/m2, yang menunjukkan bahwa UFRV kurang dari kriteria desain 300-500 m3/m2.
Membran mikrofiltrasi terendam direncanakan berbentuk flat sheet dengan bahan ceramic. Membran memiliki ukuran pori 0,1 µm dan laju fluks 100 m3/m2.hari. Ukuran dari lembaran membran adalah panjang 510 mm, lebar 150 mm, dan ketebalan 4 mm. Kapasitas produksi pada IPA Siwalanpanji direncanakan menjadi 50 L/detik dengan mempertimbangkan kapasitas produksi maksimum unit sedimentasi dan unit flokulasi. Dari penghitungan didapatkan bahwa jumlah lembaran membran yaitu 288 buah. Lembaran membran disusun menjadi satu modul dengan ukuran panjang 1,12 m, lebar 0,65 m, dan tinggi 1,60 m. Direncanakan modul membran sebanyak dua buah agar pelayanan IPA tetap berjalan ketika proses pencucian pada salah satu modul. Pompa yang digunakan adalah pompa model FSDA dengan kapasitas 3 m3/menit dengan head 5 m. Pompa direncanakan terdapat 2 buah. Rencana anggaran biaya untuk membran mikrofiltrasi terendam sebesar Rp 105.878.419,94.
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The raw water of the Siwalanpanji Water Treatment Plant (WTP) comes from the discharge of rice fields and wastewater. Raw water has a high content of organic substances and E.coli. Due to the limited performance of conventional installations at Siwalanpanji WTP, pre-chlorination was applied to remove bacteria. When chlorine reacts with organic substances it will produce harmful by-products. Therefore, the design of submerged microfiltration membranes is carried out in order to eliminate bacteria, thereby saving the cost of chemicals for pre-chlorination and not causing more chlorine by-products.
This study conducted an evaluation of water quality and performance of the rapid sand filter. The parameters used in evaluating water quality are turbidity, pH, color, organic matter, residual chlorine, and E. coli. Parameters that exceed the quality standard of Permenkes No. 492 of 2010 on the rapid sand filter effluent are color and organic matter. Meanwhile, the performance evaluation of the rapid sand filter includes parameters of the filtration rate, thickness of the filter media, the percentage of backwash water volume, and the value of Unit Filter Run Volume (UFRV). The filtration rate is 5.33 m3/m2.hour, so that it meets the design criteria of more than 5 m3/m2.hour. The thickness of the anthracite media is 200 mm which indicates that the thickness is less than the 400-500 mm design criteria. The percentage of backwash water use is 3.29%, so that it meets the design criteria, namely 3-7%. Meanwhile, the URFV value is 215.26 m3 / m2, which indicates that the UFRV is less than the design criteria of 300-500 m3/m2.
The submerged microfiltration membrane is planned to be in the form of a flat sheet with ceramic material. The membrane has a pore size of 0.1 µm and a flux rate of 100 m3/m2.day. The size of the membrane sheet is 510 mm long, 150 mm wide, and 4 mm thick. The production capacity at the Siwalanpanji WTP is planned to be 50 L/s by considering the maximum production capacity of the sedimentation unit and the flocculation unit. From the calculation, it was found that the number of membrane sheets was 288 pieces. The membrane sheets are arranged into one module with a length of 1.12 m, a width of 0.65 m and a height of 1,60 m. Two microfiltration membrane modules are planned so that the WTP service will continue to run during the washing process in one of the filtration modules. The pump used is an FSDA model pump with a capacity of 3 m3/minute and head of 5 m. There are 2 pumps planned. The capital expenditure (Capex) for submerged microfiltration membranes is Rp 105.878.419,94.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Air Minum, Filtrasi, IPA Siwalanpanji, Membran, Mikrofiltrasi, Submerged Membrane Drinking Water, Filtration, Membrane, Microfiltration, Siwalanpanji WTP, Submerged Membrane |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD259.2 Drinking water. Water quality T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD375 Turbidity--Measurement. T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD433 Water treatment plants T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP248.25.M45 Membrane reactors T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP248.25.M46 Membrane separation |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Helma Alwiga Triskio Ronanda |
| Date Deposited: | 09 Aug 2021 01:46 |
| Last Modified: | 09 Aug 2021 01:46 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/85165 |
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