Rosyidah, Imroatiur (2021) Fitoremediasi Ruangan Dalam (Indoor) dari Pajanan Ozon, NOx, SOx Menggunakan Tanaman Hias dan Pemanfaatan Praktiknya. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Manusia menghabiskan waktu 80-90% di dalam ruangan, terutama di rumah dan tempat kerja. Hal tersebut diperparah dengan adanya pandemi COVID-19 membuat masyarakat meminimalisir kegiatan di luar ruangan. Polutan yang umumnya ada pada dalam ruangan yaitu ozon, NOx, dan SOx. Polutan ini umum terjadi dari aktivitas-aktivitas manusia seperti penggunaan alat elektronik sebagai sumber pajanan ozon dan kegiatan memasak atau pemanas yang menimbulkan NOx dan SOx. Dampak pajanan polutan tersebut terhadap manusia dapat mengakibatkan iritasi mata, batuk, atau hingga gangguan fungsi paru-paru apabila berlangsung jangka panjang.
Metode fitoremediasi merupakan solusi efektif, berbiaya rendah, dan ramah lingkungan sebagai metode pemurnian udara dalam ruang untuk mengurangi pajanan banyak senyawa. Tanaman hias digunakan sebagai metode fitoremediasi dalam ruangan dan manfaatnya menambah estetika juga meningkatkan ketenangan psikologis penghuni. Metode dari penulisan ini yaitu studi literatur dengan mengumpulkan literatur antara lain jurnal, buku, dan laporan penelitian nasional dan internasional melalui Mendeley, ScienceDirect, Elsevier, ResearchGate dan lain-lain. Pokok pembahasan meliputi ozon, NOx, SOx, fitoremediasi, dan tanaman hias.
Sumber pajanan ozon berasal dari alat elektronik (printer dan mesin fotokopi), sedangkan NOx dan SOx dari kegiatan pembakaran seperti memasak serta infiltrasi dari luar. Ozon, NOx, dan SOx umumnya masuk ke dalam tubuh manusia melalui inhalasi dan terserap ke dalam tumbuhan melalui stomata dan kutikula. Dalam tumbuh manusia polutan akan memasuki jaringan darah dan kemudian sebagian terekresi melalui urin dan ada yang mengendap di organ dalam. Pada tumbuhan, setelah polutan terserap melalui stomata atau kutikula, selanjutnya untuk NOx dan SOx akan dipecah menjadi asam yang membantu pertumbuhan tumbuhan. Namun konsentrasi polutan yang berlebih dapat merusak tumbuhan. Sedangkan untuk ozon akan bereaksi dengan banyak senyawa di apoplas menghasilkan Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Beberapa jenis tumbuhan diketahui memiliki kemampuan penyerapan ozon yaitu Dracaena (Dracaena deremensis), Sirih Gading ((Epipremnum aureum), kemudian NOx, dan SOx contohnya adalah Lili Perdamaian (Spathiphyllum wallisii), Beringin (Ficus benjamina), dan lain-lain. Perbedaan fungsi tiap ruangan membuat konsentrasi pajanan polutan yang berbeda-beda. Pada studi kasus percetakan CV. X di Kecamatan Medan Baru, kebutuhan tanaman hias meremoval ozon dalam ruang yaitu 82 Sirih Gading (Epipremnum aureum) yang dapat mereduksi beban ozon 4,09 mg/hari dan 54 Dracaena (Dracaena deremensis) yang mampu mereduksi beban ozon sebesar 2,15 mg/hari. Sedangkan untuk studi kasus polutan NOx dan SOx di bengkel kendaraan roda dua di Kecamatan Medan Sunggal Kota Medan, tanaman hias yang direncanakan yaitu 1 (satu) Beringin Putih (Ficus benjamina) mampu menghilangkan beban NO2 168 mg/hari dan SO2 105 mg/hari; 1 (satu) Lidah Mertua (Sansevieria trifasciata) mampu menghilangkan beban NO2 150 mg/hari dan SO2 78 mg/hari; dan 2 (dua) Lili Perdamaian (Spathiphyllum wallisii) dimana mampu menghilangkan beban NO2 390 mg/hari dan SO2 180 mg/hari.
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Humans spend 80- 90% of their time indoors, especially at home and work. This was exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, which made people as much as possible to minimize outdoor activities. Pollutants that generally exist in indoor are ozone, NOx, and SOx. These pollutants are common in human activities such as the use of electronic devices as a source of ozone exposure and in cooking or heating activities that produce NOx and SOx. The impact of exposure to these pollutants on humans can result in eye irritation, coughing, or disruption of lung function if it lasts for a long time.
Phytoremediation method is an effective, low cost, and environmentally friendly solution as an indoor air purification method to reduce exposure to many compounds. Ornamental plants are used as a method of indoor phytoremediation and improve aesthetics as well as increase the peace of mind of its inhabitants. The method of this writing is literature study by collecting literature including journals, books, and national and international research reports through Mendeley, ScienceDirect, Elsevier, ResearchGate and others. The topics covered include exposure to ozone, NOx, SOx, phytoremediation, and ornamental plants.
Sources of ozone exposure come from electronic devices (printers and photocopiers), while NOx and SOx from combustion activities such as cooking and also infiltration from outside. Ozone, NOx, and SOx generally enter the human body through inhalation and are absorbed into plants through the stomata and cuticle. In human growth, pollutants will enter the blood tissue and then some are excreted through the urine and some are deposited in the internal organs. In plants, after pollutants are absorbed through the stomata or cuticle, then for NOx and SOx will be broken down into acids that help plant growth. However, excessive concentrations of pollutants can damage plants. As for ozone, it will react with many compounds in apoplasts to produce Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Several types of plants are known to have the ability to absorb ozone, are Corn Plant (Dracaena deremensis), Golden Pothos (Epipremnum aureum), then NOx, and SOx for example Peace Lily (Spathiphyllum wallisii), Weeping Fig (Ficus benjamina), and others. The different functions of each room create different concentrations of pollutant exposure.In the case study of CV. X printing in Medan Baru District, the need for ornamental plants to remove ozone in the room is 82 Golden Pothos (Epipremnum aureum) which can reduce the ozone load by 4.09 mg/ days and 54 Dracaena (Dracaena deremensis) which is able to reduce the ozone load by 2.15 mg/day. As for the case study of NOx and SOx pollutants in a two-wheeled vehicle repair shop in Medan Sunggal District, Medan City, the planned ornamental plant is 1 (one) Weeping Fig (Ficus benjamina) is able to eliminate NO2 load of 168 mg/day and SO2 105 mg/day; 1 (one) Snake Plant (Sansevieria trifasciata) is able to remove NO2 load of 150 mg/day and S O2 78 mg/day; and 2 (two) Peace Lilies (Spathiphyllum wallisii) which are able to remove 390 mg/day of NO2 and 180 mg/day of SO2.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | fitoremediasi, NOx, ozon, SOx, tanaman hias, phytoremediation, NOx, ozone, SOx, ornamental plants |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD192.5 Bioremediation T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD883 Air quality management. T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD883.5 Air--Pollution |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Imroatur Rosyidah |
| Date Deposited: | 09 Aug 2021 07:15 |
| Last Modified: | 09 Aug 2021 07:15 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/85245 |
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