Desain Teknologi Remediasi Air Tanah Tercemar di Lahan Bekas TPA Keputih Menggunakan Metode Filtrasi-Adsorpsi

Rifani, Muhammad (2021) Desain Teknologi Remediasi Air Tanah Tercemar di Lahan Bekas TPA Keputih Menggunakan Metode Filtrasi-Adsorpsi. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pencemaran air tanah oleh air lindi merupakan satu dari permasalahan lingkungan, akibat dari fasilitas perlindungan lingkungan di TPA yang masih belum memadai. Salah satu permasalahan ini terjadi di wilayah bekas TPA Keputih, Surabaya, Jawa Timur. Kualitas air tanah di sekitar lahan bekas TPA Keputih mengalami pencemaran akibat air lindi yang terakumulasi, sehingga tidak memenuhi standar baku mutu Permenkes RI Nomor 32 Tahun 2017. Air tanah sebagai sumber air bersih masih digunakan oleh sebagian masyarakat sekitar. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan suatu kajian analisa terhadap kualitas air tanah serta alternatif teknologi remediasi air tanah tercemar, salah satu alternatif remediasi menggunakan metode filtrasi-adsorpsi.

Perencanaan dilakukan dalam beberapa tahap kegiatan. Pertama, dilakukan pengumpulan data. Data primer dikumpulkan dan dianalisa sesuai dengan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI). Hasil analisa dibandingkan dengan standar baku mutu Permenkes RI Nomor 32 Tahun 2017. Kedua, studi perencanaan awal dengan menenentukan kapasitas pengolahan menggunakan metode proyeksi kebutuhan air bersih dan penilaian alternatif teknologi remediasi dengan matriks scoring beserta efisiensi penyisihan dari jurnal dan referensi penelitian terdahulu. Ketiga, dilakukan perhitungan desain teknis berupa Basic Engineering Design (BED) dengan kriteria desain: 1) unit ekualisasi; waktu kontak 1-4 jam dan kedalaman <4 meter, 2) unit filtrasi; waktu kontak 30-65 menit, 3) disinfeksi; sisa klor 0,25-0,35 mg/L, dan 4) alat, material dan media yang digunakan (tandon air, pompa, perpipaan, media pasir sillika/karbon aktif/penyangga, dsb) sesuai dengan spesifikasi pasaran. Perancangan alat dilanjutkan dengan menggambar Basic Engineering Design (BED) menggunakan aplikasi Autocad dan Sketchup, penyusunan Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP) beserta perhitungan Bill of Quantity (BOQ) dan Rencana Anggaran Biaya (RAB) berdasarkan Harga Satuan Pokok Kegiatan (HSPK) Kota Surabaya 2019.

Kualitas air tanah tercemar oleh beberapa parameter antara lain; kekeruhan (40 NTU), bau dan rasa, warna (140 TCU), zat besi (3,90 mg/L), mangan (1,18 mg/L), nitrat (1,18 mg/L) dan total coliform (140.000 MPN/100 mL). Teknologi remediasi yang dirancang memiliki kapasitas pengolahan yaitu 5.040 L/hari. Desain teknologi remediasi yang direncanakan antara lain; unit Ekualisasi dilengkapi pompa Sumur Dangkal, unit Filter Pasir Silika, unit Filter Karbon Aktif, Disinfeksi Kaporit (tablet, dosis 0,90 mg/L) dan Tandon Air dilengkapi Pompa Backwash. Jadwal pemakaian air yaitu terbagi menjadi 3 cycle, dengan waktu pemakaian per cycle selama 8 jam, waktu proses 4 jam, dan debit sebesar 1.680 L/cycle. Dilengkapi dengan SOP Instalasi, Operasi serta Pemeliharaan dan Perawatan (Backwash, Reaktivasi, Pembubuhan Kaporit dan Pembuangan Endapan). Rencana anggaran biaya (RAB) dari teknologi remediasi ini yaitu sebesar Rp. 33.463.000.
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Groundwater contamination by leachate is one of the environmental problems, as a result of inadequate environmental protection facilities at the landfill site. One of these problems occurred in the area of the Keputih Used Landfill, Surabaya, East Java. The groundwater quality around the Keputih Used Landfill is contaminated by leachate that accumulates, so it is more than the water quality standard of Permenkes RI No. 32 Tahun 2017. Groundwater is a source of clean water and used by some local communities until now. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze groundwater quality and alternative technologies for contaminated groundwater remediation, one alternative used filtration-adsorption method.

Planning is done in several stages of activity. First, collect data. Primary data were collected and analyzed according to the Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI). The results of the analysis are compared with the quality standards of the Permenkes RI No. 32 Tahun 2017. Second, conduct initial preliminary studies by determining the processing capacity using the clean water demand projection method and an assessment of alternative remediation technologies with a scoring matrix along with removal efficiency from journals and research references earlier. Third, calculate Basic Engineering Design (BED) with the design criteria: 1) equalization unit; 1-4 hours contact time and <4 meters depth, 2) filtration unit; 30-65 minutes contact time, 3) disinfection; 0.25-0.35 mg/L residual chlorine, and 4) tools, materials and media used (water reservoirs, pump, piping, silica sand/ activated carbon/ buffer media, etc.) in accordance with market specifications. The design of the tool was continued with draw Basic Engineering Design (BED) using Autocad and Sketchup software, prepare of Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) along with the calculation of the Bill of Quantity (BOQ) and the Budget Plan (RAB) based on Harga Satuan Pokok Kegiatan (HSPK) Kota Surabaya Tahun 2019.

Groundwater contaminated by several parameters; turbidity (40 NTU), odor and taste, color (140 TCU), iron (3.90 mg/L), manganese (1.18 mg/L), nitrite (1.18 mg/L) and total coliform (140,000 MPN/100 mL). The remediation technology was designed with a processing capacity of 5,040 L/day. This planned remediation technology design includes; Equalization unit equipped with a Shallow Well pump, Silica Sand Filter unit, Activated Carbon Filter unit, Chlorine Disinfection (tablets, dose 0.90 mg/L) and Water Tank equipped with Backwash Pump. The water usage schedule is divided into 3 cycles, with 8 hours per cycle usage time, 4 hours processing time, and 1,680 L/cycle discharge. Equipped with SOPs for Installation, Operation and Maintenance (Backwash, Reactivation, Chlorine Application dan Sediment Removal). The budget plan (RAB) of this remediation technology is Rp. 33,463,000.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Adsorption, Filtration, Groundwater, Keputih Used Landfill, Remediation, Adsorpsi, Air Tanah, Filtrasi, Remediasi, TPA Keputih.
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD259.2 Drinking water. Water quality T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD420 Water pollution T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD430 Water--Purification. T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD795.7 Sanitary landfills. Leachate--Purification.
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Environmental, and Geo Engineering > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Theses
Depositing User:	Mr Muhammad Rifani
Date Deposited:	10 Aug 2021 01:07
Last Modified:	10 Aug 2021 01:07
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/85276

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