Efisiensi Kolom Distilasi Pada Pabrik Asetaldehid Dengan Proses Dehidrogenasi Ethanol

Safitri, Zela Marni and Dzaky, Muhammad Asyam (2021) Efisiensi Kolom Distilasi Pada Pabrik Asetaldehid Dengan Proses Dehidrogenasi Ethanol. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pabrik asetaldehida dengan proses dehirogenasi etanol dirancang
dengan kapasitas 250 ton/hari atau 75.000 ton/tahun. Bahan baku yang
digunakan adalah etanol. Pabrik ini direncanakan didirikan di daerah
Gondangrejo, Karanganyar, Jawa Tengah pada tahun 2025.
Asetaldehida pada umumnya sering sebagai bahan intermediate untuk
menghasilkan bahan kimia yang lain, seperti bahan baku pembuatan
asam asetat, trimeyrolpropane, pyridine, piretic acid, crotnaldehyde, n�butanol, 2-hexyl etanol, 1,3-buthylene glicol, asam laktat
,pentaerythrytol, , asetat anhidrat, chloral,.
Pabrik ini direncanakan akan beroperasi selama 300 hari/tahun
dengan basis 24 jam/hari. Asetaldehida pada pabrik ini dibuat dengan
proses dehidrogenasi etanol didalam Reaktor Fixed Bed Multitube
menggunakan katalis Cu-Cr. Bahan baku yang dibutuhkan adalah etanol
96% sebanyak 84,477 ton/tahun. Gas yang keluar dari reaktor akan
masuk ke absorber kemudian di serap dengan penyerap air setelah itu
asetaldehida dimurnikan dalam kolom distilasi untuk memperoleh
asetaldehida 99% berat.
Pada pabrik ini dilakukan perhitungan efisinsi pemilihan tray
antara sieve tray dan bubble cap tray pada kolom distilasi berdasarkan
parameter pressure drop, liquid holdup, weeping, foaming, entrainment,
dll. Dari hasil perhitungan yang didapatkan dipilih tipe tray sieve tray
dikarenakan memberikan keuntungan biaya minim karena bentuknya
sederhana, dapat digunakan untuk rate uap dan liquid yang besar,
kontrsukasi, perbaikan dan perawatan lebih sederhana serta berdasrkan
iv
perhitungan dihasilkan entrainment yang terjadi sangat kecil jika
dibandingkan dengan bubble cap tray.
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An acetaldehyde plant with an ethanol dehydrogenation process is
designed with a capacity of 250 tons/day or 75,000 tons/year. The raw
material used is ethanol. This factory is planned to be established in the
Gondangrejo area, Karanganyar, Central Java in 2025. Acetaldehyde is
generally used as an intermediate material to produce other chemicals,
such as raw materials for the manufacture of acetic acid,
trimeyrolpropane, pyridine, pyretic acid, crotnaldehyde, n-butanol, 2-
hexyl ethanol, 1,3-butylene glycol, lactic acid, pentaerythrytol, acetic
anhydrous, chloral,.
The plant is planned to operate for 300 days/year on a 24 hour/day
basis. Acetaldehyde in this factory is made by dehydrogenating ethanol
in a Fixed Bed Multitube Reactor using a Cu-Cr catalyst. The raw
material needed is 96% ethanol as much as 84,477 tons/year. The gas
coming out of the reactor will enter the absorber and then be absorbed
with a water absorber after which the acetaldehyde is purified in a
distillation column to obtain acetaldehyde 99% by weight.
In this factory, the efficiency calculation of tray selection between
the sieve tray and bubble cap tray on the distillation column is carried
out based on the parameters of pressure drop, liquid holdup, weeping,
foaming, entrainment, etc. From the calculation results obtained, the tray
sieve tray type was chosen because it provides minimal cost advantages
because it is simple in shape, can be used for large vapor and liquid rates,
construction, repair and maintenance is simpler and based on
vi
calculations, the resulting entrainment is very small when compared to
bubble cap. trays.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Dehidrogenasi, Etanol, Asetaldehid, Dehydrogenation, Ethanol, Acetaldehyde
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP339 Ethanol as fuel. Biomass energy.
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > 24305-Industrial Chemical Engineering Technology
Depositing User:	Zela Marni Safitri
Date Deposited:	23 Aug 2021 01:00
Last Modified:	23 Aug 2021 01:00
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/88490

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