Prediksi Laju Perambatan Retak pada Blade Impeller Induced Draft Fan di PLTU Pacitan

Laksana, Wedha Adji (2021) Prediksi Laju Perambatan Retak pada Blade Impeller Induced Draft Fan di PLTU Pacitan. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Boiler adalah peralatan utama pada pembangkit listrik tenaga uap (PLTU) berbahan bakar batubara yang berfungsi menghasilkan uap untuk memutar turbin yang dikopel dengan generator sehingga menghasilkan listrik. Pada boiler diperlukan peralatan bantu yaitu Induced Draft Fan (IDF) yang berfungsi menghisap fly ash dari sisa pembakaran batubara untuk dialirkan menuju udara bebas melewati peralatan kontrol polusi udara. Dampak yang ditimbulkan apabila terjadi kegagalan pada IDF adalah adanya deposit fly ash pada ruang bakar boiler sehingga berpotensi menyebabkan kegagalan pada tube boiler akibat fenomena overheated. Pada studi kasus di PLTU Pacitan, diperlukan sebuah kajian untuk menentukan laju perambatan crack yang akurat pada IDF 2A dimana terdapat crack di sisi blade impeller. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pemodelan computional fluid dynamic (CFD) menggunakan software ANSYS Fluent mengingat bentuk IDF yang komplek. Dilakukan variasi pembebanan 100% dan 67% untuk mengetahui fenomena beban yang diterima IDF. Selanjutnya hasil pemodelan CFD dilanjutkan ke simulasi finite element methode (FEM) static structural untuk mengetahui nilai tegangan yang diterima pada blade IDF pada pembebanan 100% (200.85 MPa) dan pada pembebanan 67% (90.931MPa). Dengan adanya crack, pemodelan FEM dilakukan untuk mengetahui nilai stress intensity factor (SIF) dan divalidasi menggunakan persamaaan Barsom and Rofle dengan tingkat error sebesar 1.543% - 7.847%. Crack dipastikan merambat pada Region II karena nilai SIF diatas Kthresshold dari material blade. Sisa umur dari IDF dimana terdapat crack pada pembebanan 100% selama 2.323 bulan atau 9.939 x 107 cycle time dan pada pembebanan 67% selama25.466 bulan atau 1.089 x 109 cycle time.
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Boiler is the main equipment at coal-fired power plants, the function is to produce steam to turn a turbine which coupled with generator and produce electricity. Induced Draft Fan (IDF) is boiler auxiliary equipment to induced fly ash and flow it into the atmosphere through air pollution control. Failure on the IDF makes fly ash deposits in the boiler furnace and potential damage to the boiler tube due to overheated. In the case of the Pacitan power plant, a study is needed to determine the crack propagation in the IDF 2A impeller blade which there is a crack in the root blade. The dimention of IDF is very complex, so in this study using computational fluid dynamic (CFD) modeling of ANSYS Fluent software. Variations of load 100% and 67% was carried out to determine the phenomenon of the load on the IDF. Result of CFD modeling exported to the static structural finite element method (FEM) to determine the value of the von-misses stress at 100% of load (200.85 MPa) and 67% (90.931 MPa). The value of stress intensity factor (SIF) at blade crack simulated in FEM and validated using the Barsom and Rofle equations with an error rate of 1.543% - 7.847%. The remaining life of the IDF is 9,939 x 107 cycle time (2,324 months) at 100% of load and 1,089 x 109 cycle time (25,466 months) at 67% of load.

Item Type: Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords: induced draft fan, crack growth rate, blade impeller, finite element methode, computional fluid dynami, paris-law induced draft fan, crack growth rate, blade impeller, finite element methode, computional fluid dynamic, Paris-Law
Subjects: T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ1058 Rotors
T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ164 Power plants--Design and construction
T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ174 Maintenance and repair of machinery
T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ217.6 Predictive Control
T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ266 Turbines. Turbomachines (General)
Divisions: Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User: Wedha Adji Laksana
Date Deposited: 27 Aug 2021 06:59
Last Modified: 27 Aug 2021 06:59
URI: http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/90955

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