Stepanus, Jamius Bin (2018) Biodiesel Dari Lipid Yang Diekstrak Pada Mikroalga Basah Menggunakan Metode Ekstraksi Dimetil Eter. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Mikroalga berpotensi sebagai raw material untuk memproduksi biofuel (biodiesel, bioetanol dan biogas) karena mengandung kadar lipid yang tinggi yaitu sekitar 4-77 %. Lipid dapat dikonversi menjadi biodiesel melalui reaksi esterifikasi dan transesterifikasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mempelajari penggunaan dimetil eter (DME) sebagai pelarut untuk mengekstrak lipid dari tiga spesies mikroalga: Nannochloropsis oculata, Nitzschia sp. dan Chaetoceros calcitrans, dimana mikroalga dalam kondisi basah tanpa pretreatment seperti proses drying dan cell disruption. Hasil ekstraksi metode DME kemudian dibandingkan dengan metode ektraksi Sokletasi dan Bligh Dyer. Komponen-komponen lipid yaitu asam lemak bebas (free fatty acid, FFA), monogliserida (monoacylglycerol, MAG), digliserida (diacylglycerol, DAG) dan trigliserida (triacylglycerol, TAG) ditentukan melalui analisa kromatografi gas- flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Lipid dari mikroalga dikonversi menjadi biodiesel menggunakan metode metanol superkritis non-katalik pada suhu 290oC selama 2 jam. Kandungan lipid dari metode ekstraksi DME (akumulasi 5 kali ekstraksi pada suhu 40oC dengan jumlah DME sebanyak 100g) untuk N.oculata, Nitzschia sp. dan C. calcitrans adalah 70.03%, 73.3% dan 60.92% masing-masing. Biodiesel yang disintesis mengandung asam miristat (C14:0), asam palmitat (C16:0) dan asam palmitoleat (C16:1).
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Microalgae have potential as raw materials for biofuel production (biodiesel, bioethanol and biogaseous) because contain high lipid content about 4-77 %. Lipid can be convert to biodiesel via esterification and transesterification reaction. This study performed to investigate the usage of dimethyl ether (DME) as solvent to extract lipid from three species microalgae: Nannochloropsis oculata, Nitzschia sp. and Chaetoceros calcitrans, at wet condition without pretreatment such as drying and cell disruption process. DME extraction results then compare with Soxhlet and Bligh Dyer extraction method. Free fatty acid (FFA), monoacylglycerol (MAG), diacylglycerol (DAG) and triacylglycerol (TAG) as lipid components were determined by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) analysis. Lipid from microalgae converted to biodiesel using non catalytic supercritical methanol method at temperature 290oC for 2 hours. Lipid content from DME extraction method (accumulation for 5 times extraction at temperature 40 oC for 100g of DME amount) for N.oculata, Nitzschia sp. and C. calcitrans were 70.03%, 73.3% and 60.92% respectively. Biodiesel that has been synthesized contain myristic acid (C14:0), palmitic acid (C16:0) and palmitoleic acid (C16:1).
Keywords : Lipid, Nannochloropsis oculata., Nitzschia sp., Chaetoceros calcitrans, Dimethyl ether, Biodiesel
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RTK 662.88 Ste b-1 3100018078629 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Dimethyl Ether, Microalgae, Nannochloropsis oculata, Nitzschia sp., Chaetoceros calcitrans |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD251.2 Chemistry, Organic. Biochemistry Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD63 Extraction T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP339 Ethanol as fuel. Biomass energy. T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP359.B46 Biodiesel fuels. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Stepanus Jamius Bin |
| Date Deposited: | 03 Nov 2020 08:14 |
| Last Modified: | 03 Nov 2020 08:14 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/55630 |
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