Perwira, Hamzah Yudha (2018) Optimisasi Kondisi Operasi CO2 Foam Flooding Enhanced Oil Recovery. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Saat ini, teknik yang paling banyak digunakan pada operasi ladang minyak adalah Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR). Terdapat beberapa metode EOR yang dikembangkan antara lain thermal recovery, chemical flooding dan miscible flooding. Tipe injeksi gas menggunakan CO2, nitrogen dan hidrokarbon gas dikatogorikan sebagai miscible flooding. Gas merupakan fluida yang ideal untuk mendapatkan lebih banyak oil recovery. Namun, tantangan terbesar yang berkaitan dengan injeksi gas adalah efisiensi penyapuan volumetrik yang rendah, hasilnya gas tidak banyak berkontak dengan fraksi minyak. Sehingga, overall recovery tetap rendah. Oleh karena itu, injeksi CO2 dikombinasikan dengan foam pada reservoir digunakan untuk mengatasi masalah ini. Injeksi CO2 didapatkan dari distribusi Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage(CCS) units. Injeksi foam, didapatkan dari surfaktan. Injeksi CO2-foam ini memerlukan biaya yang tidak sedikit, baik dalam investasi maupun biaya operasional. Biaya operasional terdiri dari biaya pembelian CO2-foam dan biaya injeksi. Biaya-biaya ini tergantung pada konsentrasi surfaktan, temperatur injeksi, tekanan injeksi dan laju aliran massa. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan optimisasi pada
kondisi operasi. Optimisasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan dua algoritma optimisasi stokastik, yakni Genetic Algorithm dan Duelist Algorithm. Hasil optimisasi menunjukkan perbedaan profit yang didapatkan. Profit dapat dimaksimalkan dari 14350.15 USD/hari menjadi 25978.15 USD/hari. ==============================================================================================
Nowadays, the most applied technique in oilfield operation is Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR). There are several EOR methods have been developed and implemented including thermal recovery,chemical flooding and miscible flooding. Type of gases injection such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, flue gas and hydrocarbon gas are categorized as solvent flooding. Gas is an ideal fluid to produce more oil recovery. However, the major challenge associated with gas injection is poor volumetric sweep efficiency, as a result, gas does not contact a large fraction of oil. Thus, the overall recovery remains low. Therefore, injection of CO2 combined with foam to the reservoir is used to overcome this problem. Injection of CO2 is obtained through the distribution of Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage (CCS) units. The injection of foam is obtained from surfactants. It requires considerable cost to use this technology, in term of investment and operational costs. Operational costs consist of purchasing price and amount of CO2-foam injection. These costs vary depend on the concentration of surfactant, injection temperature, injection pressure and mass flow rate. Therefore, the optimization of operating condition is required. The optimization is done using two stochastic optimization algorthm, there are Genetic Algorithm and Duelist Algorithm. The optimization results show different profit achievement. The profit can be maximized from 14350.15 USD/day to 25978.15 USD/day
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Optimisasi; EOR; CO2-foam; Algoritma Stokastik |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP692.5 Oil and gasoline handling and storage |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Physics Engineering > 30201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Hamzah Yudha Perwira |
| Date Deposited: | 18 Jul 2021 21:37 |
| Last Modified: | 18 Jul 2021 21:37 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/57328 |
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