Safitri, Eka Diah Nur (2021) Analisis Deformasi Akibat Aktivitas Vulkanik Menggunakan Data Citra Sentinel-1A dan Metode DInSAR Three-pass Interferometry (Studi Kasus : Gunung Semeru, Jawa Timur). Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Gunung Semeru merupakan salah satu gunung api yang secara administratif masuk ke dalam wilayah Kabupaten Lumajang dan Malang, Jawa Timur. Dikutip dari Press Release Aktivitas Gunung Semeru oleh kementerian ESDM, Gunung Semeru menunjukkan aktivitas vulkanik berupa semburan awan panas hingga 2 km dari puncak pada Jumat, 17 April 2020 pukul 06.08 WIB dan gempa guguran dengan amplitudo maksimum 7 mm dan lama gempa 300 detik. Adanya aktivitas magma gunung api berupa inflasi sebelum aktivitas vulkanik dan deflasi saat aktivitas vulkanik dapat menyebabkan terjadinya deformasi permukaan gunung api. Pada penelitian ini, pengamatan fenomena deformasi dilakukan menggunakan metode DInSAR (Differential Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar) Three-pass Interferometry yang memanfaatkan pasangan citra SAR Sentinel-1A yang diakuisisi pada waktu dan posisi yang berbeda, dimana data fase topografi dan penggepengan diperoleh dari pasangan citra SAR 1 dan 2 dengan selisih temporal yang saling berdekatan dan tidak memiiki unsur deformasi. Selanjutnya data fase tersebut digunakan dalam proses koreksi topografi dan flattening pasangan citra SAR 1 dan 3 untuk memperoleh nilai deformasi.
Pengamatan deformasi menggunakan metode DInSAR Three-pass Interferometry menunjukkan adanya fenomena deflasi atau penurunan permukaan tanah dengan rata-rata 26 milimeter yang direpresentasikan dari 92 titik sampel di seluruh area Gunung Semeru, dimana pada area jalur aliran lava (timur, tenggara, selatan, dan barat daya) mengalami deflasi yang lebih besar dibanding dengan area yang lain (barat, barat laut, utara, dan timur laut). Hasil deformasi dari metode ini memiliki koefisien korelasi yang kuat dengan hasil deformasi data pembanding two-pass interferometry dan SBAS (Small Baseline Subset), yaitu 0,525889 dan 0,704151.
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Mount Semeru is one of the volcanoes which is administratively included in the Lumajang and Malang
Regencies, East Java. According to the Press Release on Mount Semeru's activities by the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, Mount Semeru showed volcanic activity in the form of hot cloud bursts up to 2 km from the summit on Friday, April 17, 2020 at 06.08 WIB (Western Indonesian Time) and an avalanche earthquake with a maximum amplitude of 7 mm with 300 seconds duration. The existence of volcano magma activity in the form of uplift before volcanic activity and subsidence during volcanic activity can cause deformation on the volcanic surface. In this study, the observation of deformation phenomenon was carried out using DInSAR (Differential Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar) Three-pass interferometry method that utilizes Sentinel 1-A SAR image pairs that were acquired at different time and position, which topographic and flattening phase data were obtained from SAR 1 and 2 image pairs with temporal differences that are close to each other and do not have an element of deformation. Furthermore, the phase data is used in the process of topographic and flattening correction of SAR 1 and 3 image pairs to obtain the deformation value. The observations of deformation using DInSAR three-pass interferometry method showed the phenomenon of land subsidence with an average of 26 millimeters that is represented by 92 sample points throughout the Mount Semeru area, where in the area of the lava flow path (east, southeast, south, and southwest) have greater subsidence than other areas (west, northwest, north, and northeast). The deformation results from this method have a strong correlation coefficient with the deformation results of the comparison data of two-pass interferometry and SBAS (Small Baseline Subset), that is 0.525889 and 0.704151.
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