Arofai, Teguh (2024) Pemisahan dan Pemurnian Garam Residu dari Glycerine Pitch Hasil Samping Produksi Pemurnian Gliserol. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Proses pemurnian gliserol menghasilkan limbah sebesar 5%wt/ton dalam bentuk glycerine pitch (GP) dan berpotensi mencemari lingkungan jika tidak ditangani dengan baik dan biaya penanganan yang mahal. Pada penelitian ini, GP dikarakterisasi komposisi kimianya dan analisis spektroskopi menggunakan FTIR dan UV-Vis. Kandungan natrium klorida sebesar 15-30% yang terkandung dalam GP dipisahkan dan dimurnikan dengan ekstraksi padat-cair. Pemilihan pelarut (metanol, etanol dan aseton), rasio pelarut (1:3, 1:5 dan 1:10) dan waktu ekstraksi (10, 15 dan 30 menit) dievaluasi dengan menggunakan metode one factor at the time (OFAT). Metanol ditemukan sebagai pelarut yang optimum dan rasio terbaik pada 1:5 menghasilkan kemurnian natrium klorida sekitar 81%. Namun, pengaruh waktu ekstraksi dinyatakan tidak signifikan dengan nilai p di atas 0,05. Setelah didapat dapat OFAT terbaik, dilakukan optimasi dengan menggunakan Central Composite Design (CCD) berdasarkan kemurnian dan recovery garam residu sebagai respon. Kemurnian garam residu yang optimum adalah 86,05% dengan perolehan garam 80,68% diperoleh pada rasio pelarut 4,25 dan waktu ekstraksi 21 menit. Pemeriksaan kecukupan dilakukan untuk membuktikan ketepatan dan keakuratan model. Hasil analisa kandungan Ion dengan AAS menjelaskan ion Na dan Cl- memiliki komposisi paling tinggi berturut-turut 23.28 dan 76.60%, membuktikan kandungan terbesar dari garam residu berupa natirum klorida. Hasil TOC dari garam sisa adalah 44 ppm dan kandungan metanol sisa tidak terdeteksi setelah pemanasan. Proses pemisahan dan pemurnian residu garam dari GP yang terintegrasi mudah diaplikasikan dan potensi zero waste pada limbah organik setelah ekstraksi dapat dicapai dengan pembakaran di boiler dengan nilai kalor yang diperoleh sebesar 3000-3200 kal/g. Selain itu penelitian ini juga mendukung program Riset Induk Riset Nasional (RIRN) 2015-2035 untuk industri agro dengan mengolah dan memanfaatkan limbah industri sebagai nutrisi bagi tumbuhan/pupuk.
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The glycerol refining process produces waste of 5%wt/ton in the form of glycerine pitch (GP) and has the potential to contaminate the environment if not handled properly and handling costs are expensive. In this study, GP was characterized by chemical composition and spectroscopic analysis using FTIR and UV-Vis. The sodium chloride content of 15-30% contained in GP was separated and purified by solid-liquid extraction. The selection of solvents (methanol, ethanol and acetone), solvent ratios (1:3, 1:5 and 1:10) and extraction times (10, 15 and 30 min) were evaluated using the one factor at the time (OFAT) method. Methanol was found to be the optimum solvent and the best ratio at 1:5 obtained sodium chloride purity of approximately 81%. However, the effect of extraction time was found to be insignificant with a p value above 0.05. After obtaining the best OFAT, optimization was carried out using Central Composite Design (CCD) based on purity and residual salt recovery as responses. The optimum residual salt purity was 86.05% with 80.68% salt recovery obtained at a solvent ratio of 4.25 and an extraction time of 21 minutes. Sufficiency check was conducted to prove the accuracy and precision of the model. The results of ion content analysis by AAS explained that Na and Cl- ions had the highest composition of 23.28 and 76.60 % respectively, confirming the largest content of residual salt in the form of natirum chloride. The TOC result of the residual salt was 44 ppm and the residual methanol content was not detected after heating. The integrated process of separation and purification of residual salt from GP is easy to apply and the potential for zero waste in organic waste after extraction can be achieved by combustion in a boiler with a calorific value obtained of 3000-3200 cal/g. In addition, this research also supports the 2015-2035 National Research Main Research (RIRN) program for the agro industry by processing and utilizing industrial waste as nutrients for plants/fertilizers.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | central composite design, solid-liquid extraction, glycerine pitch, residual salt, central composite design, ekstraksi padat-cair, glycerine pitch, garam residu |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD898.8.C67 Waste disposal T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP156 Crystallization. Extraction (Chemistry). Fermentation. Distillation. Emulsions. T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP370 Food processing and manufacture |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Teguh Arofai |
| Date Deposited: | 08 Feb 2024 03:11 |
| Last Modified: | 08 Feb 2024 03:11 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/106645 |
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