Analisis Pengaruh Waktu Microwave Assisted Hydrothermal Terhadap Sifat Kapasitif Komposit Mn3O4/rGO Untuk Aplikasi Superkapasitor Hybrid

Anggraini, Lusi Dwi (2025) Analisis Pengaruh Waktu Microwave Assisted Hydrothermal Terhadap Sifat Kapasitif Komposit Mn3O4/rGO Untuk Aplikasi Superkapasitor Hybrid. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pertumbuhan populasi disertai kemajuan teknologi meningkatkan konsumsi energi secara signifikan. Bahan bakar fosil masih menjadi sumber energi utama yang memenuhi kebutuhan energi global. Ketergantungan terhadap energi fosil berisiko terhadap kesehatan, lingkungan, dan keseimbangan ekologi. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan teknologi penyimpan energi yang ramah lingkungan dan memiliki performa tinggi. Superkapasitor merupakan salah satu teknologi penyimpan energi dengan charge/discharge singkat, masa pakai panjang, dan power density tinggi. Hybrid supercapacitor merupakan kombinasi antara EDLC dan pseudocapacitor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh waktu microwave assisted hydrothermal terhadap struktur, morfologi, serta sifat kapasitif komposit Mn3O4/rGO sebagai material elektroda hybrid supercapacitor. Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) disintesis melalui metode Hummers, sedangkan Mn3O4 dan komposit Mn3O4/rGO disintesis melalui metode microwave assisted hydrothermal. Variasi waktu yang digunakan untuk sintesis komposit Mn3O4/rGO, yaitu 5 menit, 10 menit, dan 15 menit pada daya 600 watt. Metode microwave assisted hydrothermal dipilih karena reaksinya yang cepat, kontrol ukuran partikel tinggi, kristalinitas baik, minim penggumpalan, pemanasan merata, dan konsumsi energi lebih rendah sehingga bersifat ramah lingkungan. Pengujian karakterisasi komposit Mn3O4/rGO dilakukan melalui metode SEM-EDX, XRD, FTIR untuk menganalisis struktur dan morfologinya. Sementara itu, pengujian CV, EIS, serta GCD digunakan untuk mengukur nilai kapasitansi dan konduktivitas dari komposit Mn3O4/rGO dengan menggunakan elektrolit KOH 1M. Penelitian ini menghasilkan kapasitansi spesifik terbaik pada material komposit Mn3O4/rGO 15 menit (K-15) sebesar 250,73 F/g pada scanrate 5 mV/s, 87,867 F/g ketika charge dan 35,467 F/g ketika discharge pada current density 2 A/g, dan 103,428 F/g dengan frekuensi 0,01 Hz. Energy density yang dihasilkan sebesar 34,82 Wh/kg dan power density sebesar 627,29 W/kg. Kinerja elektroda komposit Mn3O4/rGO meningkat seiring dengan penambahan waktu microwave assisted hydrothermal, hal ini terjadi karena adanya peningkatan konduktivitas listrik dan penurunan impedansi pada elektroda komposit.
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Population growth coupled with technological advances has significantly increased energy consumption. Fossil fuels remain the primary energy source meeting global energy needs. Dependence on fossil fuels poses risks to health, the environment, and ecological balance. Therefore, environmentally friendly energy storage technologies with high performance are needed. Supercapacitors are one such energy storage technology, characterized by short charge/discharge times, long lifespan, and high power density. Hybrid supercapacitors combine EDLC and pseudocapacitor technologies. This study aims to analyze the effect of microwave-assisted hydrothermal time on the structure, morphology, and capacitive properties of Mn3O4/rGO composite as a hybrid supercapacitor electrode material. Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) was synthesized using the Hummers method, while Mn3O4 and Mn3O4/rGO composite were synthesized using the microwave-assisted hydrothermal method. The synthesis of the Mn3O4/rGO composite was performed at three different times: 5 minutes, 10 minutes, and 15 minutes at a power of 600 watts. The microwave-assisted hydrothermal method was chosen due to its rapid reaction, high particle size control, good crystallinity, minimal agglomeration, uniform heating, and lower energy consumption, making it environmentally friendly. Characterization testing of the Mn3O4/rGO composite was conducted using SEMEDX, XRD, and FTIR methods to analyze its structure and morphology. Meanwhile, CV, EIS, and GCD tests were used to measure the capacitance and conductivity values of the Mn3O4/rGO composite using a 1M KOH electrolyte. This study yielded the best specific capacitance for the Mn3O4/rGO composite material at 15 minutes (K-15) of 250.73 F/g at a scan rate of 5 mV/s, 87.867 F/g during charging, and 35.467 F/g during discharging at a current density of 2 A/g, and 103.428 F/ g at a frequency of 0.01 Hz. The energy density achieved was 34.82 Wh/kg, and the power density was 627.29 W/kg. The performance of the Mn3O4/rGO composite electrode improved with increasing microwave-assisted hydrothermal treatment time, which occurred due to enhanced electrical conductivity and reduced impedance in the composite electrode.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Hybrid Superkapasitor, Kapasitansi, Komposit Mn3O4/rGO, Microwave Assisted Hydrothermal. Capacitance, Hybrid Supercapacitor, Microwave Assisted Hydrothermal, Mn3O4/rGO Composite.
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ165 Energy storage.
Depositing User:	Lusi Dwi Anggraini
Date Deposited:	01 Aug 2025 02:49
Last Modified:	01 Aug 2025 02:49
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/124853

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