Siahaan, Ian Hardianto (2026) Konfigurasi Lampu New ADHL Untuk Memperlebar Pencahayaan Dan Memperluas Cakupan Cahaya Saat Kendaraan Berbelok, Menanjak dan Menurun. Doctoral thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Kecelakaan lalu lintas menunjukkan tren peningkatan setiap tahun, dengan jumlah insiden pada malam hari lebih tinggi dibandingkan siang hari meskipun volume lalu lintas relatif lebih rendah. Kondisi ini dipengaruhi oleh keterbatasan penerangan jalan, geometri jalan seperti tikungan serta tanjakan dan turunan, serta kondisi cuaca seperti hujan dan kabut yang menghambat visibilitas pengemudi. Studi literatur menunjukkan bahwa sistem Adaptive Headlamp (ADHL) secara teoritis berpotensi mengurangi hingga 91% kecelakaan non-fatal dan 88% kecelakaan fatal, khususnya pada segmen jalan dengan penerangan minim dan geometri jalan yang kompleks.. Penelitian ini mengembangkan New Adaptive Headlamp (New ADHL) sebagai solusi peningkatan keselamatan berkendara malam hari melalui konfigurasi lampu statis dengan kemampuan respons dinamis. Sistem ini menggunakan 10 unit lampu Bi-LED yang dibagi ke dalam dua kelompok simetris di sisi kiri dan kanan kendaraan, masing-masing terdiri atas lima lampu dengan fungsi spesifik, yaitu lampu lurus, lampu belok sudut kecil, lampu belok sudut besar, lampu untuk kondisi menanjak, dan lampu untuk kondisi menurun. Pengaturan penyalaan lampu dilakukan secara otomatis sesuai dengan kondisi mengemudi, di mana aktivasi lampu menikung dikendalikan oleh input sudut kemudi melalui sensor potensiometer, sedangkan kondisi jalan menanjak dan menurun dideteksi menggunakan sensor giroskop. Proses perancangan diawali dengan pemodelan matematis distribusi intensitas cahaya menggunakan MATLAB dan diimplementasikan melalui mekanisme switching control berbasis mikrokontroler Arduino. Hasil evaluasi pada sembilan skenario pengujian menunjukkan bahwa New ADHL mampu meningkatkan kinerja pencahayaan dibandingkan ADHL. Peningkatan intensitas pencahayaan tercatat berada pada rentang 9,09% hingga 45,45%, terutama pada kondisi jalan berbelok, menanjak, dan menurun. Selain itu, luas cakupan cahaya New ADHL pada konfigurasi berbelok meningkat sebesar 21,75% dibandingkan ADHL, sehingga area pandang pengemudi di tikungan menjadi lebih luas. Pada kondisi cuaca berkabut atau hujan, fog lamp LED berwarna kuning berdaya 36 W menghasilkan intensitas iluminasi maksimum sebesar 17,24 lux pada jarak 40 m, yang menunjukkan bahwa objek di depan kendaraan masih dapat teridentifikasi dengan baik, sehingga mendukung peningkatan jarak pandang dan keselamatan berkendara. Secara keseluruhan, kombinasi peningkatan luas cakupan dan distribusi pencahayaan yang lebih merata terbukti meningkatkan visibilitas, kenyamanan visual, dan keselamatan pengemudi pada kondisi penerangan terbatas dan cuaca buruk.
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Traffic accidents show an increasing trend every year, with the number of incidents at night being higher than during the day despite the relatively lower traffic volume. This condition is affected by limited road lighting, road geometry such as curves and inclines and descents, as well as weather conditions such as rain and fog that hinder driver visibility. Literature studies show that Adaptive Headlamp (ADHL) systems have the potential to reduce up to 91% of non-fatal accidents and 88% of fatal accidents, particularly in road segments with minimal lighting and complex road geometry. This study developed the New Adaptive Headlamp (New ADHL) as a solution to improve safety at night driving through a static light configuration with dynamic response capabilities. This system uses 10 units of Bi-LED lights divided into two symmetrical groups on the left and right sides of the vehicle, each consisting of five lights with specific functions, namely straight lights, small corner turn lights, large angle turn lights, lights for uphill conditions, and lights for downhill conditions. The lighting switching on setting is carried out automatically according to the driving conditions, where the activation of the cornering light is controlled by the steering angle input via the potentiometer sensor, while uphill and downhill road conditions are detected using the gyroscope sensor. The design process began with mathematical modeling of the distribution of light intensity using MATLAB and was implemented through an Arduino microcontroller-based switching control mechanism. The results of the evaluation on nine test scenarios showed that New ADHL was able to improve lighting performance compared to ADHL. The increase in lighting intensity was recorded in the range of 9.09% to 45.45%, especially in turning, uphill, and downhill road conditions. In addition, the area of light coverage of the New ADHL in the turning configuration has increased by 21.75% compared to the ADHL, resulting in a wider driver's viewing area in the corner. In foggy or rainy weather conditions, the 36 W yellow LED fog lamp produces a maximum illumination intensity of 17.24 lux at a distance of 40 m, which indicates that the object in front of the vehicle can still be identified well, thus supporting improved visibility and driving safety. Overall, the combination of increased coverage area and more even lighting distribution has been shown to improve visibility, visual comfort, and driver safety in limited lighting conditions and inclement weather.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Doctoral) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Adaptive Headlamp (ADHL), New ADHL, distribusi cahaya, luas cakupan, visibilitas pengemudi |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ213 Automatic control. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ217 Adaptive control systems T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics > TL152.5 Motor vehicles Driving |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21001-(S3) PhD Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Ian Hardianto Siahaan |
| Date Deposited: | 05 Feb 2026 10:07 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Feb 2026 10:07 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/132205 |
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