Interaksi Strategi Produksi Dan Otorisasi Penjualan Produk Remanufaktur Menggunakan Pendekatan Teori Permainan

Khadija, Siti Noorrazana (2026) Interaksi Strategi Produksi Dan Otorisasi Penjualan Produk Remanufaktur Menggunakan Pendekatan Teori Permainan. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Aktivitas remanufaktur merupakan salah satu praktik berkelanjutan dan menjadi salah satu penerapan ekonomi sirkular yang mulai banyak diadopsi industri. Selain berkontribusi pada keberlanjutan, aktivitas remanufaktur hadir menjadi potensi bisnis melalui penghematan sumber daya dan bahan baku produksi. Namun demikian, proses produksi remanufaktur berpotensi mengalami ketidakpastian hasil jika OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) memiliki kemampuan infrastruktur remanufaktur yang terbatas. Kondisi ini mendorong keterlibatan 3PR (Third Party Remanufacturer) untuk memperoleh keuntungan melalui aktivitas remanufaktur secara independen. Sebagai tanggapan, beberapa OEM memilih untuk melakukan kerja sama otorisasi penjualan guna menjaga stabilitas hasil produksi dan mengendalikan persaingan dengan produk baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis interaksi strategi produksi dan otorisasi penjualan produk remanufaktur antara OEM dan 3PR dengan mempertimbangkan ketidakpastian tingkat hasil remanufaktur oleh OEM. Model analitis dikembangkan untuk membandingkan tiga strategi keputusan, yaitu remanufaktur internal tanpa otorisasi penjualan, remanufaktur 3PR tanpa otorisasi penjualan, dan remanufaktur 3PR dengan otorisasi penjualan. Jaringan remanufaktur Closed-loop Supply Chain (CLSC) dibentuk melalui variabel keputusan collection rate yang dimodelkan dengan proporsi pengumpulan produk bekas terhadap produk baru yang beredar. Pendekatan yang digunakan ialah Stackelberg game dengan metode backward induction. Analisis keseimbangan digunakan untuk memperoleh keputusan optimal masing-masing pemain serta untuk mengevaluasi dampak struktur otorisasi dan imperfect yield rate hasil remanufaktur terhadap model sistem. Hasil menunjukkan pada nilai parameter yang ditetapkan, preferensi OEM adalah skenario 3PR tanpa otorisasi penjualan, sedangkan preferensi 3PR saat penerimaan konsumen rendah adalah skenario 3PR dengan otorisasi penjualan. Pada kondisi tertentu, skenario 3PR tanpa otorisasi penjualan mencapai win-win solution, namun skenario ini sangat sensitif terhadap discount rate sehingga demand produk baru lebih cepat menjadi negatif. Dalam kondisi tersebut, preferensi beralih ke skenario 3PR dengan otorisasi penjualan maupun remanufaktur internal yang menunjukkan demand lebih stabil. Selain itu, skenario remanufaktur internal dapat melampaui keterlibatan 3PR ketika imperfect yield rate dan biaya pengumpulan produk bekas bernilai tinggi.
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Remanufacturing is a sustainable practice and a key application of the circular economy that is increasingly being adopted by industry. As well as contributing to sustainability, remanufacturing presents a business opportunity through the savings in resources and production raw materials. However, the remanufacturing production process is prone to uncertainty in outcomes if the OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) has limited remanufacturing infrastructure capabilities. This situation encourages the involvement of 3PRs (Third-Party Remanufacturers) seeking to profit through independent remanufacturing activities. In response, some OEM have opted for sales authorization agreements to maintain production stability and manage competition with the new products. This study aims to analyze the strategic interaction of production and sales authorization of remanufactured products between OEM and 3PRs by considering the uncertainty in remanufacturing output levels. An analytical model is developed to compare three decision strategies: in-house remanufacturing without authorization selling, 3PR remanufacturing without authorization selling, and 3PR remanufacturing with authorization selling. A Closed-loop Supply Chain (CLSC) remanufacturing network is formed through the decision variable “collection rate”, which is modeled as the proportion of used products collected to new products in market. The approach employed is the Stackelberg game using the backward induction method. Equilibrium analysis is used to determine the optimal decisions for each player and to evaluate the impact of the authorization structure and imperfect remanufacturing yield rates on the system model. The results show that, at the specified parameter values, the OEM’s preference is for the 3PR scenario without sales authorization, while the 3PR preference if the consumer acceptance is low is for the 3PR scenario with sales authorization. Under certain conditions, the 3PR scenario without sales authorization achieves a win-win solution; this scenario is highly sensitive to the discount rate, meaning that demand for the new product turns negative more quickly. Under such conditions, preferences shift to the 3PR scenario with sales authorization or in-house remanufacturing which indicates more stable demand. Furthermore, in-house remanufacturing scenario can outperform the 3PR scenario when both the imperfect yield rate and the cost of collecting used products are high.

Item Type: Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Remanufaktur, Otorisasi Penjualan, Imperfect Yield Rate, 3PR, Teori Permainan, Remanufacturing, Authorization Selling, Game Theory.
Subjects: H Social Sciences > HF Commerce > HF5416.5 Pricing
Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA269 Game theory
Divisions: Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Industrial Engineering > 26201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User: Siti Noorrazana Khadija
Date Deposited: 27 Jul 2026 04:34
Last Modified: 28 Jul 2026 08:11
URI: http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/137891

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