Kuryani, Eka (2017) Pirolisis Sampah dengan Variasi Jenis Ranting dan Kantong Plastik HDPE. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Sampah basah seperti ranting pohon merupakan biomassa yang dapat dikonversi menjadi bahan bakar (arang, minyak, dan gas) melalui proses pirolisis. Dalam aplikasinya, produk pirolisis biomassa perlu di-upgrade karena mengandung kadar oksigen yang tinggi sehingga nilai kalornya rendah, korosi, dan ketidak stabilan. Co-pyrolysis menawarkan teknik yang lebih sederhana dan efektif untuk menghasilkan produk pirolisis yang berkualitas tinggi. Co-pyrolysis merupakan proses yang melibatkan dua atau lebih material sebagai bahan baku pembakaran.
Dalam penelitian ini, pirolisis yang digunakan merupakan jenis pirolisis lambat sistem batch pada temperatur 500°C selama 60 menit. Dua jenis variabel yang digunakan yaitu bahan baku pirolisis, tiga jenis variasi ranting (angsana, trembesi, dan waru) yang didapat dari Rumah Kompos Bratang Surabaya serta rasio campuran ranting dan kantong plastik HDPE. Variasi campuran sampah yaitu ranting 25% : kantong plastik HDPE 75%; ranting 50% : kantong plastik HDPE 50%; ranting 75% : kantong plastik HDPE 25%. Massa bahan baku pirolisis sebesar 100 gram. Parameter yang diukur adalah persentase komposisi produk, proksimat arang, nilai kalor arang, dan GC-MS minyak.
Energy recovery massa pirolisis bahan baku ranting mencapai 87% - 91%, sedangkan co-pyrolysis campuran bahan ranting dan plastik HDPE mencapai 73% - 86%. Persentase arang optimum diperoleh dari pirolisis ranting angsana sebesar 38,46%, sedangkan wax optimum dari pirolisis bahan plastik HDPE sebesar 81%. Hasil minyak optimum diperoleh dari pirolisis ranting waru sebesar 38,08%. Persentase gas optimum didapat dari pirolisis bahan ranting trembesi yaitu 23,78%. Variasi jenis bahan baku ranting tidak memberikan pengaruh secara signifikan terhadap produk pirolisis. Rasio bahan baku ranting memberikan pengaruh secara signifikan terhadap produk pirolisis. Co-pyrolysis menunjukkan kenaikan kualitas produk arang yaitu peningkatan nilai kalor. Nilai kalor produk arang dari pirolisis ranting sebesar 6600 – 7500 Kkal/Kg, sedangkan produk arang co-pyrolysis ranting – kantong plastik HDPE bernilai di atas 8330 – 11000 Kkal/Kg.
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Organic waste such as tree branch were one of the biomass that can be converted to fuel (char, bio-oil, and gas) by using pyrolysis process. However, the pyrolysis product was needed to be upgraded since it contained high levels of oxygen, which caused low caloric value, corrosion problem, and instability. Co-pyrolysis technique offered simplicity and effectiveness in order to produce a high-grade pyrolysis product. Co-pyrolysis was a process which involves two or more materials as feedstock.
In this research, slow pyrolysis with batch system was used in temperature 500°C for 60 minutes. Two variables used are pyrolysis feedstock, three tree banches (angsana, trembesi, waru) from Rumah Kompos Bratang Surabaya and mixture ratio of tree branches and HDPE plastic bag. The variation of waste mixture between tree branch and HDPE plastic bag was 25:75; 50:50; 75:25. Mass of feedstock was 100 gram. Parameters measured were percentage of product composition, char proximate, char calorific value, and GC-MS of trembesi oil.
The energy recovery pyrolysis of tree branch raw material reached 87% - 91%, while the co-pyrolysis of HDPE and branch mixture reached 73% - 86%. The optimum percentage of char obtained from angsana branch pyrolysis was 38.46%, while the optimum wax from HDPE plastic pyrolysis was 81%. The optimum oil yield was obtained from waru branch reached 38,08%. The optimum gas percentage obtained from trembesi branch pyrolysis was 23,78%. The variation of feedstock had no influence significantly on the pyrolysis product. While, the composition ratio of feedstock had significant effect on pyrolysis product. Co-pyrolysis showed the improving quality of char yield by increasing caloric value. The caloric value of branch pyrolysis char was 6600 – 7500 Kkal/Kg, while the caloric value of co-pyrolysis branch – HDPE plastic bag was 8330 – 11000 Kkal/Kg.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Co-pyrolysis, Kantong Plastik HDPE, Pirolisis, Ranting, Recovery |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD789 Refuse and refuse disposal |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Environment Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Eka Kristalia Kuryani |
| Date Deposited: | 09 Oct 2017 07:42 |
| Last Modified: | 06 Mar 2019 06:49 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/44733 |
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