Kurniawan, Ryan and Adi, Febrian Kusuma (2019) Pra Desain Pabrik Olein dari Crude Palm Oil (CPO). Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Indonesia adalah negara dengan luas lahan perkebunan sawit terbesar di dunia. Hal ini menempatkan Indonesia sebagai pengekspor utama minyak sawit mentah (CPO). CPO merupakan bahan baku industri pembuatan minyak goreng, margarin, lilin, sabun, berbagai produk perawatan, dan pembuatan biodiesel. pada tahun 2012 pemerintah Indonesia mengeluarkan kebijakan perdagangan luar negeri yaitu meningkatkan daya saing produk ekspor melalui diversifikasi produk kelapa sawit. CPO harus diolah menjadi produk-produk turunan yang mempunyai harga jual lebih tinggi. Produk turunan CPO diantaranya olein, asam amino, stearin, PFAD (Palm Fatty Acid Distilat), karoten, dan lain sebagainya. Minyak goreng sawit (MGS)/olein merupakan salah satu komoditas yang mempunyai nilai strategis karena masuk dalam 9 kebutuhan pokok bangsa Indonesia. Permintaan MGS yang tinggi baik di dalam dan luar negeri merupakan indikasi pentingnya peranan komoditas kelapa sawit dalam perekonomian Indonesia. Proses pembuatan Olein dapat diuraikan menjadi 2 tahapan proses, yaitu Proses Refinery dan Proses Fraksinasi. Proses Refinery dapat dibagi menjadi 4 tahapan proses yaitu tahap Degumming, Bleaching, Filtrasi, dan Deodorisasi. Dari tahap ini akan diperoleh produk berupa Refined Bleach Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO). Selanjutnya dilanjutkan proses Fraksinasi yang dibagi menjadi dua tahapan proses yaitu kristalisasi dan filtrasi. Pada tahap ini akan diperoleh produk Olein dan Stearin. Pabrik Olein akan didirikan di daerah Palaran, Kalimantan Timur dan siap beroperasi pada tahun 2022. Berdasarkan Analisa ekonomi untuk kapasitas 550.000 ton/tahun, laju pengembalian modal (IRR) pabrik ini sebesar 18,86% pada suku bunga per-tahun 9,75%. Sedangkan untuk waktu pengembalian modal (POT) adalah 4,4 tahun dan titik impas (BEP) sebesar 46,66%.
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Indonesia is a country with the largest oil palm plantation area in the world. This puts Indonesia as the main exporter of crude palm oil (CPO). CPO is an industrial raw material for the manufacture of cooking oil, margarine, candles, soap, various care products, and making biodiesel. in 2012 the Indonesian government issued a foreign trade policy namely increasing the competitiveness of export products through diversification of palm oil products. CPO must be processed into derivative products that have a higher selling price. CPO derivative products include olein, amino acids, stearin, PFAD (Palm Fatty Acid Distillate), carotene, and so on. Palm cooking oil (MGS) / olein is one commodity that has strategic value because it is included in the 9 basic needs of the Indonesian nation. The high demand of MGS both at home and abroad is an indication of the important role of oil palm commodities in the Indonesian economy. The process of making Olein can be broken down into 2 stages of the process, namely the Refinery Process and the Fractionation Process. The Refinery process can be divided into 4 stages, namely stages of Degumming, Bleaching, Filtration, and Deodorization. From this stage, products will be obtained in the form of Refined Bleach Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO). Furthermore, the Fractionation process is continued which is divided into two stages, namely crystallization and filtration. At this stage Olein and Stearin products will be obtained. The Olein plant will be established in the Palaran area, East Kalimantan and ready to operate in 2022. Based on economic analysis for a capacity of 550,000 tons / year, the factory's rate of return (IRR) is 18.86% at an annual interest rate of 9.75% . While for the payback period (POT) is 4.4 years and break-even point (BEP) of 46.66%.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSK 665.355 Kur p-1 2019 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Minyak Kelapa Sawit, Olein |
| Subjects: | L Education > L Education (General) Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD251.2 Chemistry, Organic. Biochemistry S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General) S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General) > S494.5.D58 Diversification T Technology > TP Chemical technology T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP370 Food processing and manufacture T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP669 Oils, fats, and waxes |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Ryan Kurniawan |
| Date Deposited: | 19 Oct 2021 05:33 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Oct 2021 05:33 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/61450 |
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