Ariyani, Desy Wahyu and Hardianti, Maretna Fitri (2015) Pabrik pemurnian garam dari garam rakyat menjadi garam industri dengan metode vacuum pan. Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Garam yang banyak diproduksi di Indonesia memiliki
kandungan NaCl sebesar 80,12% dan masyarakat menyebutnya dengan
garam rakyat. Garam ini diolah agar menghasilkan kadar NaCl sebesar
99,98% dengan kandungan impurities yang sangat kecil. Garam
industri memiliki peranan penting dalam industri, seperti industri
pembuatan caustic soda, soda ash, pengawetan, farmasi, dan tekstil.
Pembuatan garam dengan proses vacuum pan terdiri dari 3
tahap, yaitu tahap pemurnian bahan baku, tahap penguapan dan
pengeringan, dan tahap pengendalian. produk. Tahap pemurnian bahan
baku dimulai dengan melarutkan NaCl 80,12% dalam tangki pelarut
dengan menambahkan air proses menjai larutan brine. Memompa brine
ke reactor untuk direaksikan dengan Caustic soda, Barium Chloride,
dan Soda Ash. Kemudian mengalirkan ke tangki flokulator dan
selanjutnya ke clarifier untuk pemisahan sludge dan filtrat dengan
proses sedimentasi. Selanjutnya tahap penguapan dan pengeringan,
yaitu proses evaporasi dan pembentukan kristal. Mengeringkan kristal
garam yang terbentuk dalam rotary dryer. Tahap pengolahan produk
diawali dengan penggerusan kristal dengan menggunakan crusher.
Sebelumnya, garam didistribusikan melalui screw conveyor dan
diseleksi dengan menggunakan vibrator screen dengan ukuran 100
mesh, kemudian menampungnya di tangki penyimpanan.
Kapasitas produksi pabrik garam industry ini sebesar 250.000
ton/tahun dan bahan baku yang dibutuhkan sebanyak 874.224 kg/hari.
Pabrik beroperasi secara kontinyu selama 24 jam/hari, 330 hari
operasi/tahun. Bahan pembantunya berupa air sebanyak 803,153
m3/jam, NaOH 3101,18 kg/jam, Na2CO3 736,8 kg/jam, BaCl2 4469,17
kg/jam, PAC 1,74 kg/jam, dan udara 14631, 4 kg/jam.
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Salt mostly produced in Indonesia contains about ± 80.12%
NaCl, commonly known as commercial salt. This salt is treated in order
to produce 99.98% NaCl with a very small content of impurities.
Industrial-grade salt has an important role in the industry, such as
caustic soda manufacture, soda ash, preservation, pharmaceuticals, and
textiles.
Salt manufacture using vacuum pan method consists of three
stages, which is: the raw material purification, evaporation and drying,
and product controlling. Raw material purification is conducted by
dissolving 80,12% NaCl salt in the solvent tank and adding the water
process into brine solution. Pumping brine into reactor to be reacted
with Caustic soda, Barium Chloride and Soda Ash. Distributing to
flocculation tank, and further to clarifier for sludge and filtrate
separation using sedimentation method. Evaporation and drying is
conducted to evaporate the water in salt and form salt crystals. Wet salt
crystals formed are dried using rotary dryer. Product processing is
carried out by crystal grinding using crusher. Before, salt is distributed
through screw conveyor and selected using vibrating screener of 100
mesh-size screener, then stored in the storage tank.
The production capacity of industrial salt plant is 250,000 ton
/year and the raw materials needed is 874,224 kg/day. The factory
operates continuously for 24 hours/day, 330 days of operation/year. The
secondary materials are 803.153 m3/hours water, 3101.18 kg/hours
NaOH, 736.8 kg/hours Na2CO3, 4469.17 kg/hours BaCl2, 1.74 kg /
hours PAC, and air rate of 14631.14 kg/hours.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Diploma) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSK 338.476 44 Ari p |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Garam industri, Metode vacuum pan, NaCl |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP370 Food processing and manufacture |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24401-(D3) Diploma 3 |
| Depositing User: | - Taufiq Rahmanu |
| Date Deposited: | 15 Apr 2019 03:55 |
| Last Modified: | 15 Apr 2019 03:55 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/62758 |
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