Pattiraja, Agustinus Haryanto (2015) Analisa Hidraulik Aliran Pada Uji Model Fisik Eksperimental Kolam Olak Berpenampang Majemuk. Masters thesis, Institut Technology Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Kolam olak merupakan bangunan peredam energi yang berbentuk kolam, yang
prinsip peredaman energinya sebagian besar terjadi akibat proses pergesekan di antara
molekul-molekul air, sehingga timbul olakan-olakan di dalam kolam tersebut. Tipe
kolam olak yang paling sering digunakan adalah tipe USBR, namun pada beberapa
kondisi alam tipe ini mengalami kendala dalam penerapannya sehingga dimodifikasi
yaitu dengan membuat elevasi lantai kolam olak yang tidak sama antara dasar tepi dan
tengah kolam olak sehingga menjadi kolam olak berpenampang ganda atau majemuk.
Model kolam olak tipe ini dianggap cukup efektif dalam melakukan peredaman energi
karena air tidak hanya mengalir ke arah longitudinal (arah utama) saluran, tetapi terjadi
juga aliran sekunder yang arahnya tranversal ke dalam kolam olak utama.
Untuk mengetahui lebih dalam tentang pengaruh model kolam olak tipe
majemuk terhadap proses peredaman energi maka dilakukan analisa hidraulik aliran
terhadap model tersebut. Model kolam olak dibuat dalam 4 skenario percobaan dan diuji
dalam 3 kondisi hilir yaitu tanpa sekat, sekat 5 cm, dan sekat 10 cm. Skenario
percobaan beberapa variasi yaitu dengan model tipe datar atau skenario 1, model
dengan ketinggian elevasi salah satu tepi yang naikkan setinggi 0,1 m atau skenario 2,
0,2 m atau skenario 3, dan 0,3 m atau skenario 4.
Hasil pengujian yang dilakukan pada uji model fisik menujukan semakin tinggi
sisi tepi kolam olam semakin baik performa model dalam meredam energi aliran.
Namun pada beberapa kondisi performa model tidak cukup baik meredam energi aliran
dibandingkan dengan model kolam olak tipe datar. Sedangkan pada uji model
matematik performa peredaman semakin baik terjadi hanya pada kondisi hilir dengan
sekat setinggi 5 cm dan kondisi hilir setinggi 10 cm. Sehingga untuk korelasi ke 2
model uji tersebut secara keseluruhan tidak memiliki korelasi, sehingga model
matematik yang telah dibuat perlu dilakukan penyempurnaan.
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Stilling Basin is an energy absorbers building with a basin shaped which has a
principle of energy reduction that mostly occurs as a result of the friction between
molecules of the water. Consequently, it can be seen that fluctuation will occur into the
basin. The most usable Stilling Basin is USBR type, even though in the wide variety of
nature condition this type tends to have several problems when it is applied. Therefore,
it has been modified by making a different elevasions between base and middle edge of
the basin. These modification make basin as a compound or doubele section stilling
basin. This type of stilling basin is considered as an effective form to reduce energy
because water does not flow to longitudinal direction (main channel), however, the
other secondary flow also occurs and its flows are transversal to the main stilling basin.
To deep understand the effect of compound stilling basin regarding its proses of
absorbing energy, then hydraulic flow is being analyzed to this model. The model of
stilling basin is made into four scenarios, and it is tested into three downstream
conditions without partition, 5 cm partition, and 10 cm partition. Testing scenarios have
several variations, such as flat type model or scenario 1, height elevation from one edge
that leveled up 0,1m of scenario2, 0,2m for scenario 3, and the last is 0,3m for scenario
4.
The result of physical model shown higher edge of basin will enhance model
perform to absorb flowing energy. Even, in several condition its perform is not really
good to absorb flowing energy compare to flat type stilling basin. On the other hand,
mathematical model test of absorbing shown better result only in downstream condition
with 5cm partition and 10 cm of downstream condition. Hence, to correlate both of two
model test, generally, do not have any correlation, further, mathematical model that
have been made is necessary need to improve.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RTS 627 Pat a |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Kolam olak, Kolam Olak Berpenampang Majemuk, Analisa Hidraulik, Korelasi model. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TC Hydraulic engineering. Ocean engineering |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Civil Engineering > 22101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Mr. Tondo Indra Nyata |
| Date Deposited: | 26 Jun 2019 04:18 |
| Last Modified: | 07 May 2024 04:10 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/63276 |
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