Jonianto, Agus (2015) Studi numerik pengaruh transisi antara primary dan secondary superheater terhadap karakteristik aliran dan perpindahanpanas konveksi (studi kasus pada boiler PT. Indonesia power, UBP, Perak, Surabaya). Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
PT. Indonesia Power merupakan salah satu perusahaan
pembangkit listrik di Indonesia. Perusahaan ini mempunyai 4 unit
pembangkit listrik yaitu pembangkit listrik unit 1 dan 2 yang
memiliki kapasitas 25x2 MW dan pembangkit listrik unit 3 dan 4
yang memiliki kapasitas 50x2 MW. Dalam pengoperasiannya,
perusahaan ini menggunakan BBM (Bahan Bakar Minyak)
sebagai bahan bakar pada boilernya. Saat ini, pengoperasian
pembangkit unit 1 sampai 4 telah dihentikan karena memiliki
efisiensi siklus yang rendah. Tugas akhir kali ini dilakukan untuk
menambah efisiensi siklus dengan cara meningkatkan efisiensi
pada boiler. Salah satu cara tersebut adalah dengan mengubah
jarak transisi antara primary dan secondary superheater.
Pada tugas akhir kali ini, dilakukan sebuah proses
simulasi CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic) pada sebuah
domain pemodelan tube primary dan secondary superheater.
Domain pemodelan dibuat dengan menggunakan GAMBIT 2.6
dan disimulasikan dengan menggunakan FLUENT 6.3.Seluruh
data operasi berupa temperatur tube, dimensi tube dan dimensi
boiler diambil secara langsung di PT. Indonesia Power UBP
Perak, Surabaya. Simulasi dilakukan secara dua dimensi dengan
enam buah variasi jarak transisi yaitu 2D , 3D, 4D, 5D, 7D, dan
8,33D (kondisi existing). Fluegass dimodelkan sebagai udara
bersuhu 1000 K dengan aliran uniform dan steady pada sisi inlet. Perpindahan panas yang ditinjau hanya berupa konveksi dengan
mengabaikan radiasi dan konduksi pada tube.
Hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini adalah jarak
transisi antara primary dan secondary superheater memiliki
pengaruh yang sangat kecil terhadap peningkatan kualitas
perpindahan panas pada secondary superheater secara overall.
Prosentase peningkatan kualitas perpindahan panas maksimal
hanya sebesar 0,9 pada jarak transisi sebesar 2D bila
dibandingkan dengan nilai kondisi existing. Aliran fluida akibat
variasi jarak transisi antara primary dan secondary superheater
hanya berpengaruh pada tube kolom pertama pada secondary
superheater dengan peningkatan nilai kecepatan aliran sebesar
2,0 pada jarak transisi sebesar 2D bila dibandingkan dengan
nilai kondisi existing sehingga menyebebkan adanya peningkatan
nilai perpindahan panas maksimal sebesar 3,02 pada jarak
transisi sebesar 2D bila dibandingkan dengan nilai kondisi
existing. Selain itu, nilai St/d dan Sl/d juga berpengaruh terhadap
kualitas perpindahan panas. Tube dengan St/d=2 memiliki nilai
konstanta C1 sebagai perwakilan dari kualitas perpindahan
panas yang lebih tinggi daripada St/d=5. Sedangkan nilai Nusselt
Number rata-rata tube dengan Sl/d=1,88 lebih tinggi daripada
tube dengan Sl/d=1,17.
==========================================================================================================
PT. Indonesia Power is one of the electrical power plant
company in Indonesia. This company has 4 units of electrical
power plant. The power plant unit 1 and 2 has a capacity of 25x2
MW and the power plant unit 3 and 4 have a capacity of 50x2
MW. In operation, the company is using Marine Fuel Oil as a fuel
at the boiler. Since 2012, the operation of the power plant unit 1
to 4 had been suspended because of the low cycle efficiency. This
final assigment is be done to increase the efficiency of the cycle
by increasing the efficiency of the boiler. The transition distances
between the primary and the secondary superheater will be
changed to increase the efficiency of the boiler.
The flue gas flow across the primary and secondary
superheater will be simulated based on Computational Fluid
Dynamic (CFD). The domain modelling is made using GAMBIT
2.6 and will be simulated using FLUENT 6.3. All of the operating
data, like the temperature of the tube, the tube dimension and the
dimension of the boiler, is taken directly from PT. Indonesia
Power, UBP. Perak, Surabaya. The simulation is done with six
variations of transition distances, 2D, 3D, 4D, 5D, 7D, and 8,33D
(existing conditions), between the primary and the secondary
superheater. Flue gas is modelled as 1000 K of an air, uniform and steady flow at the inlet. Only convection heat transfer that
will be reviewed by ignoring radiation and conduction on the
tube.
The results obtained from this research is the transition
distances between the primary and the secondary superheater has
a small influence towards increasing quality of heat transfer on
secondary superheater in overall. The percentage of increasing
the quality of heat transfer maximum is only 0,9 at 2D transition
distance compared with the value of existing conditions. The fluid
flow due to the transition distance between the primary and the
secondary superheater effects on only the first column in the
secondary superheater with an increase in the value of the flow
rate of 2,0 at 2D transition distance compared with the value of
existing conditions. That cause an increase in heat transfer value
about 3,02 at 2D transition distance compared with the value of
existing conditions. In addition, the value of the St/d and Sl/d also
has an effect on the quality of heat transfer. Tube with St/d = 2
has bigger the C1 constant value that represents of the heat
transfer quality than St/d = 5. The value of the average Nusselt
Number of the tube with Sl/d = 1,88 is higher than the tube with
Sl/d = 1, 17.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSM 621.402 2 Jon s |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | external flow, superheater, powerplant, variasi jarak transisi, heat transfer |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ263 Heat exchangers |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | - Taufiq Rahmanu |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Nov 2019 06:46 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Nov 2019 06:46 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/71976 |
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