Perencanaan Sistem Permesinan Salvage Vessel untuk Perairan Sungai dan Danau di Indonesia

Rinaldi, Mochammad Fajar Tris (2020) Perencanaan Sistem Permesinan Salvage Vessel untuk Perairan Sungai dan Danau di Indonesia. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Kecelakaan kapal pada perairan sungai dan danau di Indonesia sering terjadi dalam bentuk kapal terbakar dan tenggelam. Pada 21 Juni 2019, 18 kapal habis terbakar di Kabupaten Indramayu. Kebakaran bersumber dari ruang mesin sebuah kapal ikan, api menjalar dengan cepat mengenai perahu sepanjang sungai. Pada 21 Mei 2015, sebuah kapal kayu terbakar saat sandar di Samarinda, Kalimantan Timur. Kebakaran kapal tidak merambat ke kapal lainnya, karena segera ditarik ke tengah sungai oleh tugboat, selanjutnya api dipadamkan, lalu kapal ditenggelamkan. Penenggelaman kapal di sungai dapat mengganggu alur transportasi. Seharusnya kapal ditarik ke tepi sungai oleh kapal penyelamat (salvage vessel), sedangkan salvage vessel belum dimiliki oleh pelabuhan rakyat di Indonesia, namun masih didominasi oleh buatan luar negeri, contohnya Kommuna milik Rusia. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, penulis melakukan perencanaan sistem permesinan salvage vessel untuk sungai dan danau di Indonesia yang memiliki tiga jenis operasi penyelamatan, yaitu operasi pemadam kebakaran, operasi pengangkatan bangkai kapal, dan operasi penarikan kapal. Prinsip kerja salvage vessel pada operasi pemadam kebakaran menggunakan pompa sentrifugal untuk mendistribusikan air ke lokasi kebakaran kapal. Operasi pengangkatan bangkai kapal menggunakan pelampung kapal (marine airbag) yang dilengkapi kompresor. Pada operasi penarikan kapal, bangkai kapal dipasangkan tali untuk dapat ditarik ke tepi sungai. Perhitungan yang dilakukan yaitu perhitungan pompa sentrifugal, kompresor, gaya apung dan tahanan pelampung kapal, tahanan salvage vessel, dan tahanan bangkai kapal. Pompa sentrifugal memiliki head total 111,74 m, kapasitas pompa 600 m3 /h, dan daya 269 kW. Kompresor yang digunakan berjenis reciprocating berkapasitas 190,76 m3 /jam dan daya 8 kW. Pada marine airbag dengan panjang 18 m, memiliki gaya apung sebesar 318000 N dan tahanan sebesar 354 N. Bangkai kapal memiliki kecepatan 3 knot dan tahanan sebesar 1,5 kN. Sementara kapal salvage memiliki kecepatan maksimum 12 knot dan dihasilkan tahanan sebesar 69,3 kN dengan kebutuhan daya dorong engine sebesar 428 kW.
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Ship accidents on river and lakes in Indonesia there are burn and sink ships. On 21th June 2019, total of 18 ships were burned in Indramayu district. The source is from the engine room of a fish boat then a fire rapidly to another boats along the river. On 21th May 2015, there is burn wooden ship in Samarinda, East Kalimantan. Fire in wooden ship not propagate to another ship, it was pulled into the middle of the river by the tugboat, so fire was extinguished then wooden ship was sinked. Sinked of ship in river people's port can interference flow of transportation. Salvage vessel towing this wooden ship to the edge. Indonesia hasn’t salvage vessel, but still dominated by foreign-made for example salvage vessel Kommuna by Rusia. Based on the background, the author conducts the planning of the salvage vessel machining system for rivers and lakes in Indonesia with three types of rescue operations, namely fire fighting operations, shipwreck operations, and vessel withdrawal operations. The principle work of salvage vessel on fire extinguisher operations using centrifugal pumps to distribute water to ship burn locations. Surgical removal of shipwreck using marine airbag equipped with a compressor. In vessel withdrawal operations, shipwrecks are paired rope to be drawn to the edge. Calculations for this paper are calculation of centrifugal pumps, compressors, buoyancy force and vessel floats, prisoners of salvage vessels, and shipwreck prisoners. The centrifugal pump has a total head of 111.74 m, a pump capacity of 600 m3/h, and a power of 269 kW. The compressor used is a reciprocating compressor with a capacity of 190.76 m3/hour and 8 kW of power. For marine airbag with a length of 18 m, it has a floating style of 318000 N and a prisoner of 354 N. The shipwreck has a speed of 3 knots and a prisoner of 1.5 kN. While salvage vessels have a maximum speed of 12 knots and produced prisoners of 69.3 kN with the need for engine thrust of 428 kW.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Additional Information:	RSSP 623.87 Rin p-1 2020
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Kapal Penyelamat, Kompresor, Pelampung Kapal, Pompa Sentrifugal.
Subjects:	V Naval Science > VK V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering > VM731 Marine Engines
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Engineering > 36202-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Mochammad Fajar Tris Rinaldi
Date Deposited:	11 Jan 2024 02:06
Last Modified:	11 Jan 2024 02:08
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/74021

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