Ananta, Joseph (2015) Studi Eksperimental Pengaruh Letak, Diameter dan Jumlah Penambah (Riser) Terhadap Kualitas Produk Cor Pada Pengecoran ADC 12 dengan Metode Lost-Foam Casting. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Metode pengecoran lost-foam merupakan langkah baru untuk memproduksi benda-benda
berbentuk sederhana bahkan benda dengan bentuk kompleks sekalipun. Namun dalam praktiknya
seringkali ditemukan beberapa cacat pada produk cor seperti cacat penyusutan (shrinkage) dan
cacat gelembung gas atau porositas. Kedua cacat tersebut sangat merugikan karena dapat
mengubah sifat mekanik dari produk cor dan mengakibatkan kualitas produk cor menjadi buruk.
Sehingga kebutuhan akan adanya penambah (riser) perlu dipertimbangkan berdasarkan beberapa
penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruhnya terhadap cacat tersebut. Salah satu upaya untuk
mengetahuinya, perlu dilakukan studi eksperimental pengaruh letak penambah, diameter penambah
dan jumlah penambah terhadap kualitas produk cor.
Material yang digunakan dalam pengecoran lost-foam ini adalah ADC 12. Terdapat 3 (tiga)
faktor penambah (riser) yang diteliti untuk mengetahui pengaruhnya terhadap kualitas produk cor.
Faktor pertama yaitu letak penambah dengan sistem penambah atas (top riser) dan sistem
penambah samping (side riser). Faktor kedua yaitu diameter penambah pada sistem penambah atas
dan sistem penambah samping masing-masing berdiameter 22 mm dan 25 mm. Faktor ketiga yaitu
jumlah penambah pada sistem penambah atas masing-masing satu penambah dan dua penambah.
Masing-masing faktor kemudian diteliti dengan pengujian porositas secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif
serta pengujian kekerasan Vickers.
Setelah dilakukan analisa dan pembahasan cacat porositas secara kuantitatif dan
kualitatif maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa cacat yang dihasilkan pada pengecoran lost-foam
didominasi oleh cacat mikroporositas dan cacat gas pore. Letak penambah menjadi faktor paling
dominan dalam meminimalisir cacat penyusutan dan porositas yaitu dengan menggunakan sistem
penambah samping dan diameter penambah 25 mm. Rasio antara diameter penambah dengan tebal
benda pada sistem penambah atas (top riser) memiliki peran penting dalam mengurangi jumlah cacat
penyusutan. Penambah tunggal lebih efektif mengurangi cacat porositas daripada menggunakan
penambah ganda. Beberapa hasil pengujian kekerasan cenderung tidak menunjukkan adanya
hubungan yang jelas antara nilai kekerasan dengan parameter yang diuji.
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Lost-foam casting method is a new step for the production of simple shaped objects even
though objects with complex shapes. However, in practice often found some defects in cast
products such as shrinkage defects and gas holes or porosity. Both of these defects are very
harmful because it can alter the mechanical properties of the cast product and resulting bad
quality of the cast product. So the need for riser system should be considered by several
studies to determine the effects on such defects. One effort to figure it out, necessary to do an
experimental study on the influence of riser location, riser diameter and amount of riser to
the quality of the cast product.
The material used in the lost-foam casting is ADC 12. There are three factors of riser
under study to determine its effects on the quality of the cast product. The first factor is the
location of risers that includes the top riser and the side riser. The second factor is the
diameter of risers, the top riser and the side riser that each riser has 22 mm and 25 mm of
diameters. The third factor is the number of risers in the riser system by using a single riser
and multiple risers. Each factors then evaluated by qualitative and quantitative porosity
testing and Vickers hardness testing.
After analysis and discussion of porosity defects quantitatively and qualitatively it can
be concluded that the defect in lost-foam casting is dominated by micro porosity and gas
pore. Riser locations become the most dominant factor in minimizing the amount of porosity
defects by using side riser system and 25 mm diameter of riser. The ratio between the
diameter of riser and the thickness of cast product on top riser system play an important
role in reducing the number of shrinkage. Using a single riser is more effective to reduce the
porosity defects than using multiple riser. Some test results of hardness did not show a clear
correlation between hardness values to the parameters being tested.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSM 671.25 Ana s |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Pengecoran lost-foam, sistem penambah (riser), penyusutan, porositas. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP1151 Special molding and casting processes |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Yeni Anita Gonti |
| Date Deposited: | 09 Mar 2020 07:49 |
| Last Modified: | 09 Mar 2020 07:49 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/75377 |
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