Putra, Muhammad Lutfi Pragola (2016) Tinjauan Teknis Dan Ekonomis Pemasangan Homogenizer Pada Sistem Bahan Bakar Kapal Tanker PT. PERTAMINA. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
HFO menjadi salah satu pilihan bahan bakar untuk
mesin kapal karena harganya yang relatif lebih murah
dibandingkan dengan HSD dan MDO. Namun demikian, tidak
seperti HSD yang dapat digunakan secara langsung, HFO
harus harus menjalani perlakuan pada sistem bahan bakar
sebelum memasuki mesin. Sistem perlakuan HFO diantaranya
meliputi storage tanks, transfer pumps, settling tanks,
separators, service tank, dan booster pump.
Dikarenakan semakin berkembangnya proses
penyulingan minyak, HFO telah berubah baik secara kualitas
maupun kuantitas. HFO saat ini selain memiliki kosentrasi
aspal yang lebih tinggi, juga telah mengalami perubahan
properties, seperti viskositas dan densitas. Penurunan kualitas
bahan bakar ini dapat menyebabkan timbulnya komplikasi
masalah baik pada mesin induk maupun pada komponenkomponen sistem pengolahan bahan bakar. Untuk mengurangi
efek tersebut, bahan bakar dapat dihomogenkan melalui
proses yang dinamakan homogenisasi.
Proses homogenisasi menjadi hal yang krusial
khususnya untuk bahan bakar HFO. Melalui proses
homogenisasi, sludge bahan bakar dapat berkurang, kualitas
pembakaran menjadi lebih baik, dan berpengaruh positif
terhadap berkurangnya emisi gas buang dan berkurangnyaviii
NOx. Proses homogenisasi dilakukan oleh alat yang
dinamakan homogenizer.
Pada tugas akhir ini, penulis akan meneliti
pengaruh pemasangan homogenizer pada sistem bahan bakar
kapal tanker PT. Pertamina. Penelitian dilakukan dengan
membandingkan perbedaan biaya konsumsi bahan bakar
antara kapal tanker milik PT. Pertamina yang telah dilengkapi
dengan homogenizer, MT. Pangkalan Brandan, dengan tanker
PT. Pertamina yang belum terpasang homogenizer. Penelitian
dilakukan dengan membandingkan FOC dua kapal dengan
dimensi yang hampir sama dan menghitung keuntungan dari
penurunan biaya bahan bakar.
Dikarenakan fluktuasi harga bahan bakar,
maka harga bahan bakar akan disimulasikan memalui
lima skenario harga yang berbeda yaitu, menurun 2,93%
pertahun, menurun 1,47% pertahun, harga konstan,
meningkat 6,7% pertahun, dan meningkat 13,41% pertahun.
Melalui kalkulasi ekonomis, hasil dari pemasangan
homogenizer selama sepuluh tahun memberikan efek
pada pengurangan biaya konsumsi bahan bakar sebesar ;
$47.462,1 dengan skenario harga bahan bakar menurun
2,93% pertahun, $52.615,9 dengan skenario harga bahan
bakar menurun 1,47% pertahun, $58.185,0 dengan skenario
harga bahan bakar konstan, $89.928,0 dengan skenario harga
bahan bakar meningkat 6,7% pertahun, dan $134.975,1
dengan skenario harga bahan bakar meningkat 13,41%
pertahun. Payback period secara keseluruhan pada kelima
skenario harga akan tercapai pada periode empat tahun
setelah masa operasional
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HFO has become one of fuel choice for engine on
board because it has a relatively cheaper price compared to
HSD and MDO. However, unlike HSD which is can be used
directly, HFO must have system of preparation before it
flowed into ship's engine. HFO system generally includes
storage tanks, transfer pumps, settling tanks, separators,
service tank, booster pump.
Because of more advanced refining process, HFO
has changes in terms of quality and quantity. HFO currently
has a higher concentration of asphalt content and also
experiencing a change in fuel properties, such as viscosity and
density. This low quality fuel may lead to several
complication on main engine and fuel treatment system
components. To reduce the impact, fuel can be homogenized
by process called Homogenization process.
Homogenization process becomes important for
fuel especially HFO. By performing homogenization of fuel,
fuel waste can be reduced, quality of combustion can be
better, and also able to provide a positive influence for the
reduction of emissions and a reduction in NOx levels.
Homogenization process is done with a tool called a
homogenizer.viii
In this bachelor thesis, author intends to study the
effect of homogenizer instalation on PT. Pertamina tanker’s
fuel system. Research will study fuel oil cost difference
between PT. Pertamina tankers MT. Pangkalan Brandan
which equipped with homogenizer and MT. Palusipat which
are not equipped with homogenizer. Research is be done by
comparing FOC two similiar ships and calculate it’s fuel
benefit reduction cost.
Due to fuel oil price fluctuation, fuel oil price
will be simulated with five different scenario which are
decrease 2,93% annually, decrease 1,47% annually, constant
price, increase 6,7% annually, and increase 13,41%
annually. Through ecomonic calculation, the result for
homogenizer instalation are effect on reducing fuel oil
consumption cost whithin 10 years. Fuel oil consumption
cost reduction are ; $47.462,1 with fuel oil price decrease
2,93% annually, $52.615,9 with fuel oil price decrease 1,47%
annually, $58.185,0 with constant fuel oil price, $89.928,0
with fuel oil price increase 6,7% annually, and $134.975,1
with fuel oil price increase 13,41% annually. Payback
period will be obtained within 4 years after operation
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSSP 621.402 3 Put t-1 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Konversi bahan bakar, pengurangan biaya bahan bakar, homogenizer, sistem bahan bakar kapal. |
| Subjects: | V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Engineering > 36202-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Mr. Tondo Indra Nyata |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Apr 2020 03:57 |
| Last Modified: | 01 Apr 2020 03:57 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/75638 |
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