Prasindya, Permata (2020) Evaluasi Potensi Tanah Longsor di Kawasan Kabupaten Banyuwangi Menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis dan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) (Studi Kasus: Kecamatan Songgon). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Pada tanggal 22 Juni 2018, terjadi bencana banjir bandang yang disebabkan oleh tanah longsor di kawasan lereng Gunung Raung di Kecamatan Songgon. Bencana ini menyebabkan ratusan orang mengungsi dan merusak 328 unit rumah. Pusat Vulkanologi, Mitigasi dan Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) Bandung menyatakan bahwa bencana longsor ini terjadi akibat banyaknya pelapukan material vulkanik dan curah hujan yang tinggi selama empat hari. Dengan terjadinya bencana tersebut, perlu adanya evaluasi terhadap penyebab terjadinya tanah longsor serta untuk melakukan pencegahan dan mitigasi perlu adanya pemetaan potensi tanah longsor. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) dan metode pembobotan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) dengan narasumber pegawai Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah (BPBD) Kabupaten Banyuwangi dan Dosen Teknik Geofisika ITS. Parameter penyebab tanah longsor yang digunakan mengacu pada Permen PU No. 22/PRT/M/2007 tentang Pedoman Penataan Ruang Kawasan Rawan Bencana Longsor. Parameter tersebut antara lain, dari segi aspek fisik meliputi kemiringan lereng, curah hujan, kerapatan sungai, dan tutupan lahan serta dari aspek geologi meliputi, jenis tanah, jenis batuan dan kerentanan gerakan tanah.
Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa dari ketujuh parameter tersebut dengan menggunakan metode AHP, kerentanan gerakan tanah mempunyai pengaruh lebih besar terhadap tanah longsor dengan bobot sebesar 34%, diikuti dengan parameter lain yaitu kemiringan lereng sebesar 17%, jenis tanah 14%, curah hujan 14%, jenis batuan 12%, kerapatan sungai 5% dan tutupan lahan 4%. Selanjutnya, didapatkan tiga kelas potensi tanah longsor dengan dua kondisi, kondisi I dengan menggunakan parameter curah hujan tinggi di bulan januari dan kondisi II dengan menggunakan curah hujan rendah di bulan oktober. Kedua kondisi tersebut memiliki luasan yang sama di setiap tingkat potensi. Hal ini dikarenakan, klasifikasi peta potensi tanah longsor mengacu pada skor total masing-masing peta. Otomatis setiap peta akan mempunyai potensi rendah, sedang dan tinggi, untuk potensi rendah memiliki luas sebesar 9.527,09 Ha, potensi sedang sebesar 8.410,19 Ha dan potensi tinggi sebesar 3.283,23 Ha.
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Flash flood caused by landslides in the slopes of Mount Raung in Songgon sub-district occurred on June 22, 2018. The disaster caused hundreds of people to flee and damage 328 housing units. The Centre for Vulcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation (CVGHM) stated that the landslide was caused by the weathering of volcanic material and high rainfall for four days. With the occurrence of these disasters, there needs to be an evaluation of the causes of landslide and to prevent and mitigate the need for mapping of landslide potentials. This research uses the Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis method and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) weighting method with the employee informants of the Regional Disaster Management Agency Banyuwangi Regency and the Geophysical Engineering Lecturer ITS. The parameters causing landslides used refer to Permen PU No. 22/PRT/M/2007 concerning Spatial Planning Guidelines for Landslide Prone Area. These parameters include, in terms of physical aspects including slope, rainfall, river density, and land cover as well as from geological aspects including, soil type, rock type and susceptibility to soil movement.
The results of this research is obtained that of the seven parameters using the AHP method, the susceptibility of ground motion has a greater influence on landslides with a weight of 34%, followed by other parameters namely the slope 17%, soil type 14%, rainfall 14%, rock type 12%, river density 5% and land cover 4%. Furthermore, this research produced three classes of potential landslides with two conditions, condition I using the parameters of high rainfall in January and condition II using low rainfall in October. Both conditions have the same extent at each potential level. This is because, the classification of landslide potential maps refers to the total score of each map. Automatically each map will have low, medium and high potential, for low potential has an area of 9,527.09 Ha, medium potential 8,410.19 Ha and high potential 3,283.23 Ha.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Analytical Hierarchy Process, Sistem Informasi Geografis, Tanah Longsor Analytical Hierarchy Process, Geographic Information, System, Landslides |
| Subjects: | G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > G Geography (General) > G70.212 ArcGIS. Geographic information systems. G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > G Geography (General) > G70.217 Geospatial data G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > G Geography (General) > G70.5.I4 Remote sensing |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Environmental, and Geo Engineering > Geomatics Engineering > 29202-(S1) Undergraduate Theses |
| Depositing User: | Permata Prasindya |
| Date Deposited: | 12 Aug 2020 03:39 |
| Last Modified: | 28 May 2023 16:35 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/77580 |
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