Adi, Mutiara Aulia (2020) Pengelolaan Limbah Elektronik di Asrama Mahasiswa di Kota Surabaya. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Asrama Mahasiswa (AM) menghasilkan limbah elektronik seperti kipas angin, kabel USB, televisi, dan lain lain. Selama ini baru terdapat penelitian terdahulu mengenai kajian pengelolaan limbah elektronik di institusi pendidikan. Penelitian tersebut tidak mencakup AM, sehingga belum terdapat kajian mengenai pengelolaan limbah elektronik di AM. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan adanya pengembangan penelitian mengenai sistem pengelolaan limbah elektronik di AM. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan jenis dan jumlah limbah elektronik, mengkaji kesesuaian kondisi eksisting sistem pengelolaan limbah elektronik dengan peraturan yang berlaku, serta membandingkan sistem pengelolaan limbah elektronik di AM di Kota Surabaya dengan pengelolaan limbah elektronik di AM di negara lain.
Data yang diambil adalah limbah elektronik inventaris AM dan limbah elektronik habis pakai yang dihasilkan oleh penghuni asrama, serta kondisi sistem pengelolaan limbah elektronik di AM di Kota Surabaya dan di luar negeri. Data tersebut berupa data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer berupa jenis, dimensi, jumlah, dan berat limbah elektronik di AM yang didapatkan dengan observasi dan pengumpulan limbah elektronik secara langsung menggunakan drop-box selama dua minggu. Data sekunder berupa spesifikasi dimensi dan berat limbah elektronik yang didapatkan dari website, serta sistem pengelolaan limbah elektronik di AM di luar negeri yang didapatkan dari literatur atau artikel ilmiah. Pengukuran dilakukan sebanyak 2 kali selama 2 minggu. Pengukuran yang dilakukan meliputi berat, panjang, lebar, dan tinggi atau tebal limbah, serta total jenis limbah elektronik yang disimpan. Limbah elektronik diukur beratnya dengan timbangan digital dan diukur dimensinya dengan roll meter. Kondisi pengelolaan didapatkan dari observasi secara langsung dan wawancara dengan pengurus asrama. AM yang menjadi objek penelitian, yaitu AM ITS, AM UNAIR, dan AM UPN Veteran Jawa Timur.
Di AM ITS terdapat 4 jenis limbah elektronik inventaris dengan jumlah total 20 unit dan 8 jenis limbah elektronik habis pakai dengan total 21 unit. AM UNAIR menyimpan 12 jenis limbah elektronik inventaris yang terdiri atas 27 unit, dan menghasilkan 13 unit limbah elektronik habis pakai yang terdiri atas 7 jenis. Di AM UPN terdapat 5 jenis limbah elektronik inventaris dengan total 10 unit dan 11 jenis limbah elektronik habis pakai dengan total 38 unit. Kondisi pengelolaan limbah elektronik pada AM ITS, AM UNAIR, dan AM UPN masih belum sepenuhnya sesuai dengan peraturan mengenai limbah B3. Namun limbah elektronik tersebut telah dikelola sesuai dengan Permendagri No. 19 Tahun 2016 sebagai barang/aset milik daerah/negara. Pengelolaan limbah elektronik di AM ITS, AM UNAIR, dan AM UPN memiliki persamaan dengan pengelolaan limbah elektronik di AM Mladost di Slovakia dan AM UKM di Malaysia, yaitu seluruh AM menyimpan limbah elektronik dalam tempat penyimpanan di asrama. Sedangkan perbedaan terlihat pada sistem pemilahan di AM Mladost yang sudah menerapkan pemilahan di sumber. Selain itu, AM Mladost dan AM UKM mengutamakan daur ulang limbah elektronik, sedangkan di AM di Kota Surabaya tidak didaur ulang melainkan dijual atau dilelang.
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Student dormitories (SD) generate electronic wastes (e- waste) such as broken electric fan, USB cable, television, etc. There has been initial research about e-waste management in educational institutions to date. Yet, the previous research did not cover student dormitory as one of the e-waste generators. Hence. there has been no research regarding the e-waste management in student dormitories in Surabaya City. Therefore, a study on the management of electronic waste in student dormitories is needed. The aims of this study are to determine the type and total generation of e-waste, to examine the compatibility of the existing e-waste management with the enacted regulation, and to compare the e-waste management system in SD in Surabaya City with those in other countries.
The acquired data of this study were the e-waste from the student dormitory's inventory, the disposable e-waste generated by the dormitory's occupants, and the current e-waste management condition in each SD. These data were classified as primary and secondary data. The primary data consisted of type, dimensions, total numbers, and weights of electronic wastes, along with the existing electronic waste management condition which was obtained by observation and measurement. The e-waste materials were collected using a drop-box in the span of two weeks. Secondary data, which consisted of dimensions and weight specification of the e-waste, and the current management condition in foreign countries, were obtained from the website and scientific articles. Field data collection was done twice a week. The measured parameters were weight, length, width, height, or thickness of the e-wastes, along with the type and total numbers of the stored e-wastes. The e-waste weight was measured using a digital scale and its dimensions were measured using a roll meter. The current management conditions were obtained from the direct observations and interviews with the dormitory's staff.
The ITS SD showed there were 4 types of inventory e- waste with a total number of 20 units, and 8 types of disposable e- wastes with a total number of 21 units. The UNAIR SD stored 12 types of inventory e-waste of 27 units and generated 7 types of disposable e-waste of 13 units. There were 5 types of inventory e- waste with a total number of 10 units, and 11 types of disposable electronic wastes with a total number of 38 units in UPN SD. The current e-waste management conditions in ITS, UNAIR, and UPN SDs have not fully met the enacted hazardaous waste regulation. However, the e-waste management systems in these dormitories have met the Ministry of Internal Affairs Decree No. 19/2016, in which the e-waste is treated as the regional or state-owned assets. The e-waste management conditions in ITS, UNAIR, and UPN SDs have a similarity with the e-waste management system in Mladost SD in Slovakia and UKM SD in Malaysia. The e-waste materials in these SDs were placed in store rooms. On the other hand, there is a distinct difference shown in Mladost SD, where the e-waste materials were separated at source. Moreover, Mladost and UKM SDs emphasize the recycling action, while the SDs in Surabaya City do not apply a recycling concept, but sold or auctioned the e- waste instead.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | student dormitories, electronic waste, regulation, management, Surabaya, asrama mahasiswa, limbah elektronik, peraturan, pengelolaan |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD799.85 Electronic apparatus and appliances waste |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Environment Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Mutiara Aulia Adi |
| Date Deposited: | 19 Aug 2020 03:56 |
| Last Modified: | 23 Jun 2023 07:38 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/78555 |
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