Machrita, Nur Izzati (2020) Adsorpsi NaCl Menggunakan Karbon Aktif dari Biji Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum) untuk Desalinasi Air Laut. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Desalinasi air laut dengan metode adsorpsi merupakan salah satu teknik yang dapat digunakan untuk menghasilkan air tawar. Salah satu sumber nabati yang menjanjikan dan banyak ditemukan di negara Indonesia adalah biji nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum). Kelimpahan biji nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum) dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber karbon untuk diolah menjadi karbon aktif (KA) yang selanjutnya digunakan untuk proses desalinasi air laut. Sintesis KA menggunakan variasi prekursor biji nyamplung dan arang hasil pembakaran biji nyamplung. Aktivasi karbon menggunakan HNO3 25% dengan rasio b/b nyamplung : aktivator adalah 1:1 dengan karbonisasi pada suhu 900° C selama 60 menit. Hasil sintesis KA dikarakterisasi menggunakan SEM. Proses adsorpsi KA Biji dan KA Arang dioptimasi menggunakan larutan NaCl sebagai sampel air laut buatan dan hasilnya dibandingkan dengan KA komersil. Konduktivitas larutan NaCl sesudah proses adsorpsi dengan metode batch diuji dengan konduktometer. Hasil uji konduktivitas akan menentukan kapasitas adsorpsi pada kondisi setimbang (qe) KA Biji, KA Arang, dan KA Komersil. Kondisi optimum KA Biji antara lain, massa adsorben 5 mg/mL, waktu kontak 30 menit, dan suhu 25° C dengan masing-masing qe 9,82; 10,11; dan 9,29 mg/mg. Kondisi optimum KA Arang antara lain, massa adsorben 0,5 mg, waktu kontak 20 menit, dan suhu 25° C dengan masing-masing qe 128,30; 121,08; dan 121,48 mg/mg. Kondisi optimum KA komersil antara lain, massa adsorben 50 mg, waktu kontak 50 menit, dan suhu 30° C dengan masing-masing qe 1,12; 1,07; dan 1,20 mg/mg. KA Biji dan KA Arang mengikuti model isoterm adsorpsi Temkin dengan R2 masing-masing 0,9975 dan 0,9952. KA Komersil mengikuti model isoterm Langmuir dengan R2 0,9845. Aplikasi semua material KA digunakan untuk adsorpsi sampel air laut dengan metode batch. Hasil adsorpsi sampel air laut dari eksperimen adalah qe KA Biji 2,02 mg/mg, qe KA Arang 42,54 mg/mg, dan dibandingkan dengan qe KA Komersil 0,15 mg/mg.
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Seawater desalination using adsorption is a technique that can be used to produce fresh water. One of the promising natural sources found in Indonesia is nyamplung seeds (Calophyllum inophyllum). The abundance of nyamplung seeds (Calophyllum inophyllum) can be used as a source of carbon to be processed into activated carbon (AC) which is then used for seawater desalination processes. AC synthesis using varieties of precursor are nyamplung seed and char from burning nyamplung seeds. Activation of carbon using 25% HNO3 with nyamplung: activator ratio is 1: 1 w/w then carbonization at 900° C for 60 minutes. The results of AC were characterized using SEM. The process of adsorption of seed AC and char AC optimized using NaCl solution as sample of synthetic seawater and the results are compared with commercial AC. The conductivity of NaCl solution before and after adsorption process using batch method was measured conductometry. The conductivity results will determine the adsorption capacity equilibrium (qe) condition of seed AC, char AC, and commercial AC. The optimum conditions for seed AC are 5 mg/mL of adsorbent mass, 30 minutes of contact time, and 25° C of temperature with each qe 9.82, 10.11 and 9.29 mg/mg. The optimum conditions for char AC are 0.5 mg/mL of adsorbent mass, 20 minutes of contact time and 25° C of temperature with each qe 128.30, 121.08 and 121.48 mg/mg. The optimum conditions for commercial AC are 50 mg/mL of adsorbent mass, 50 minutes of contact time, and 30° C of temperature with each qe 1.12, 1.07 and 1.20 mg/mg. Seed AC and char AC fitting Temkin isotherm adsorption models with each R2 0.9975 and 0.9952. Both of AC compared with commercial AC that fitting with Langmuir isotherm model R2 0.9845. The application of AC materials is used for seawater sample using the adsorption process by the batch method. Seawater sample adsorption results from experiment are 2.02 mg/mg of qe seed AC, 42.54 mg/mg of qe char AC and 0.15 mg/mg of qe commercial AC for comparison.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | karbon aktif, nyamplung, adsorpsi, desalinasi, activated carbon, nyamplung, adsorption, desalination |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD547 Flocculation, precipitation, adsorption, etc. Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD75.2 Chemistry, Analytic |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Chemistry > 47101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Nur Izzati Machrita |
| Date Deposited: | 29 Aug 2020 03:39 |
| Last Modified: | 08 Jan 2024 08:15 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/81519 |
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