Winanda, Lila Ayu Ratna (2021) Sistem Pemantauan Pekerja Konstruksi Secara Real-Time Untuk Mendukung Keputusan Keselamatan Dengan Fuzzy Berbasis Pengetahuan. Doctoral thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Proyek konstruksi merupakan kegiatan yang unik, dinamis dan kompleks dengan jadwal kerja dan batasan yang ketat, memicu tingginya angka kecelakaan dibanding bidang industri lain. Pekerja sebagai sumber daya utama pelaksanaan proyek, dapat mengalami kecelakaan setiap saat selama jam kerja dan sulit diprediksi menggunakan sistem monitoring yang mengandalkan petugas K3 yang terbatas. Oleh karena itu diperlukan pendekatan sistem pemantauan secara real-time untuk mendukung pengambilan keputusan keselamatan bagi pekerja konstruksi.
Sistem pemantauan keselamatan pekerja konstruksi seara real-time disusun dengan pendekatan sistem berbasis pengetahuan melalui penelusuran pengetahuan dari para pakar, observasi lapangan dan literatur pendukung dengan prosedur penalaran untuk penyelesaian mengunakan metode fuzzy. Lima sistem fuzzy berbasis pengetahuan (fuzzy knowledge-based) dikembangkan dalam mekanisme kesiapan kerja (performance) dan kelelahan pekerja konstruksi, analisis fuzzy untuk tingkat bahaya dan efek lingkungan, kemudian digabungkan dalam analisis keputusan sebagai sistem yang terintegrasi. Pengembangan sistem berdasarkan kondisi internal (denyut jantung, suhu tubuh, dan aktivitas otot) dan kondisi eksternal dari lingkungan di proyek (jarak bahaya, ketinggian jatuh, penggunaan peralatan keselamatan, kebisingan dan pencahayaan), ditunjang oleh database K3, diproses dengan fuzifikasi, inferensi dan defuzifikasi untuk menghasilkan output rekomendasi keputusan keselamatan bagi pekerja konstruksi yang diwujudkan dalam bentuk program aplikasi untuk memudahkan pengguna.
Performansi sistem fuzzy berbasis pengetahuan (fuzzy knowledge-based) telah berjalan dengan baik sesuai hasil uji konsistensi aturan fuzzy yang mencapai 100% (error rate 0%) dengan ketepatan dalam memberikan rekomendasi keputusan keselamatan pekerja konstruksi sebesar 97.5%. Sistem juga terbukti sangat membantu dalam memantau kondisi keselamatan pekerja konstruksi dengan uji secara fungsional dan kebermanfaatan sistem bagi pengguna sebesar 95.8%. Sistem mampu merepresentasikan berbagai perubahan kondisi fisiologis pekerja dan lingkungan proyek beserta konsekuensi potensi bahaya yang dapat menimpa pekerja sehingga diberikan rekomendasi keputusan untuk menjamin keselamatan pekerja konstruksi. Rekomendasi kesiapan pekerja sebelum memulai pekerjaan diberikan berdasarkan “performance” pekerja, dilanjutkan dengan pengawasan secara real-time dan rekomendasi keputusan keselamatan sesuai dengan update kondisi pekerja dan lingkungan proyek konstruksi. Sistem pemantauan keselamatan pekerja konstruksi ini sangat membantu petugas K3/ penanggung jawab proyek untuk menjamin keselamatan pekerja melalui rekomendasi keputusan, sehingga berguna sebagai early warning system untuk pencegahan kecelakaan konstruksi selama jam kerja. Sistem pemantauan keselamatan yang direalisasikan merupakan bagian dari perwujudan modernisasi sistem manajemen keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja konstruksi sehingga tercapai zero accident pada pelaksanaan proyek konstruksi.
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Construction project are unique, dynamic and complex activities with tight schedules and constraints, lead to higher accidents rate than other industries. Workers as the main resource in project implementation were exposed by accidents that could happenned at any time and the occurrence was difficult to predict with a monitoring system that relied on a limited number of safety officers. Therefore, a real-time monitoring system is needed to support the decision making for construction safety of workers.
Real-time monitoring system ffor onstruction workers was developed using knowledge-based system approach derived from expert opinion, observation and supporting literatures with fuzzy reasoning method for problem solving. Five fuzzy knowledge-based were developed in the readiness of workers mechanism (performance of workers) and construction workers fatigue, fuzzy analysis for hazard level and environment effect, then combined in decision analysis as an integrated system. The system created based on internal factors (heart rate, body temperature, and muscle activity) and external factors from constructions project environment (hazard distance, fall effect, safety protection, noise, and illumination), supported by H&S database, processed with fuzification, inference and defuzifiation to find out safety decision recommendations for constructions workers, which is realized in the form of software application to make it easier for users.
The performance of fuzzy knowledge-based system showed running well according to the consistency of rules 100% (error rate 0%) with the accuracy in giving the recommendations for construction workers safety decision at 97.5%. The system has also proven to be helpful in monitoring the safety conditions of construction workers through the functional evaluation and the usefulness of the system by end users by 95.8%. The real-time monitoring system was able to represent different physiological conditions of workers and various projects environment conditions along with the consequences of potential hazard for workers then the decisions recommendations were given to ensure the safety of construction workers. The readiness of worker in work preparation were recommended based on “the performance” of workers, followed by the real-time monitoring system during working hours and recommendations for safety decisions in accordance with the current condition of workers and construction project environments. The construction workers safety monitoring is usefull for H&S offier/ project manager to ensure the safety of workers through decisions recommendations, thus providing an early warning system for accident preventions during working hours. The realized safety monitoring system is a part of the modernization of safety management system in constructions and zero accident in construction project is reached.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Doctoral) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Pekerja konstruksi, Pemantauan real-time, Rekomendasi keputusan keselamatan, Sistem berbasis pengetahuan, Sistem inferensi fuzzy, Zero accident. Construction worker, Fuzzy inference system, Knowledge-based system, Real-time monitoring, Safety decision recommendation, Zero accident. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > T Technology (General) > T55 Industrial Safety T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) T Technology > TH Building construction > TH438 Construction industry--Management. Project management. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Civil Engineering > 22001-(S3) PhD Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Lila Ayu Ratna Winanda |
| Date Deposited: | 14 Jul 2021 03:01 |
| Last Modified: | 29 Apr 2024 11:04 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/84318 |
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