Kajian Pengelolaan Emisi Gas Iodium Di PT. Kimia Farma Plant Watudakon Jombang

Hatidja, Siti Annurijati (2005) Kajian Pengelolaan Emisi Gas Iodium Di PT. Kimia Farma Plant Watudakon Jombang. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

PT. Kimia Farma Plant Watudakon merupakan industri yang menghasilkan produk Iodium, produksi lodium satu-satunya di Indonesia. Pabrik ini merupakan pabrik farmasi yang menggunakan produk hasil tambangnya menjadi produk obat jadi. Iodium adalah elemen halogen, berbentuk kristal, berwarna violet-hitam sampai coklat merah. Banyak dipakai sebagai katalisator dalam reaksi alkilasi dan kondensasi. Juga dipakai sebagai antiseptik, reagen analisa radio isotop, pengolahan air minum dan pengobatan. Garam beriodium mengandung sedikit iodium guna mencegah penyakit gondok. Iodiwn diproduksi dengan cara mengisolasi iodium dari senyawa garam iodida (f) yang terlarut dalam air tanah (brine) melalui 2 tahapan yaitu adsorbsi dan oksidasi. !odium kristal yang terbentuk, diproses lanjut menjadi senyawa garam lainnya seperti Kalium Iodat. Dalam proses produksi tersebut dihasilkan gas Iodium yang terbuang ke lingkungan. Uap iodium dapat menimbulkan iritasi atau luka bakar pada saluran pernafasan dan pembengkakan paru-paru. Kontak kulit dan mata dapat menyebabkan kerusakan permanen atau buta. Selain itu sifat korosif terhadap logam dapat menyebabkan bangunan dan peralatan yang cepat keropos dan rusak. Selaiu itu pula, gas iodium PT.Kimia Farma Watudakon dapat merusak tanaman tebu masyarakat yang berada sekitar pabrik. Tesis akan mengkaji upaya reduksi gas iodium yang berpotensi terjadinya pencemaran udara dan penangkapan emisi gas Iodium yang terbuang untuk dimanfaatkan kembali (reuse) untuk proses produksi. Kajian tesis ini meliputi tiga aspek, yaitu dari segi aspek teknis, dianalisa dari alur proses produksi dan kesetimbangan material, memmjukkan adanya iodium (h) yang terbuaug berupa emisi gas mencapai 5.810 kg pada tahun produksi 2004. Dari segi ekonomis, iodium yang terbuang masih mempunyai nilai ekonomis sebesar Rp 1.257.186.600,- . Dan dari aspek lingkungan, gas iodium yang terbuang dapat merusak peralatan dan bangunan. Hasil evaluasi didapatkan bahwa pada aspek teknis penggunaan unit spray tower, dapat mereduksi emisi gas iodium dengan efisiensi untuk proses iodium 44,6% dan untuk proses kalium iodat sebesar 83,7%. Dari aspek ekonomi diketahui keuntunga n yang diperoleh dalam reduksi dan pemanfaatan kembali (reuse) hasil penangkapan emisi gas iodium adalah Rp 22.170.880,- per tahtm dengan masa pay back period 2,4 tahun; dan dari aspek lingkungan berupa ana~isis resiko lingkungannya, emisi gas iodium memiliki resiko rendah. Dengan itu lingkungan akan tetap teijaga kelestariannya.
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PT. Kimia Farma Plant Watudakon is an industry yielding product of iodine, the only one producer of iodine in Indonesia. This factory represent pharmacy factory using its mining products become finished product. iodine is a halogen element, crystal, chromatic black-violet until the red brownish. It is used as catalyst in alkalize and condense reactions. It is also used as antiseptic, reagent analyze isotope radio, processing of drinking water and medication. Iodine salt contains a few Iodine utilize to prevent mumps. Iodine produced by insulation iodine from salt iodide compound (r) which is dissolve in ground water ( brine ) through 2 steps that is adsorbsi and oxidize. Formed iodine Crystal , processed to become other salt compound like Potassium Iodate. In course of the production, yielded of iodine gases which is castaway to environment. Iodine gas can generate irritation or singe at respiratory tract and bloated lung. Eye and skin contacts can cause blindness or permanent damage. The characteristc of corrosive to metal can cause equipments and building which quickly crumble and destroy. Others, the iodine gas in Kimia Farma PT. Watudakon Plant can destroy crop of sugar cane residing in about factory. Tesis will study the effort to reduce iodine gas which has potency to the happening of air contamination and iodine gas emission arrest which the castaway to be reuse for the production process. This tesis study cover three aspects, that is technical aspect, which analysed from production process and material balance, showing existence of Iodine (lz) which castaway in the form of gas emission that reach 5. 810 kg in production year of 2004. From economic aspect, Iodine which castaway still has economic value equal to Rp 1.257.186.600. And from environmental aspect, gas oflodine which unuse can de'3troy equipments and building. The result of evaluation is that, in use of technical aspect of unit of spray tower, can reduce the emission of iodine gas with efficiency in process Iodine which equal to 44,6% and in process Potassium Iodate equal to 83,7%. From the economic aspect is known the advantage obtained in reduction and reuse, the arresting result of iodine gases emission is Rp 22.170.880,- per year with a pay back periode of 2,4 years; and from environmental aspect in the form of analysis of its environmental risk, emission of iodine gases own low risk. That means the environment will remain to be awaked by its permanence.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Additional Information:	RTL 661.073 4 Hat k 2005
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Reduction, Iodine Gas Emission, Reuse, Reduksi, Emisi Gas Iodium, Reuse.
Subjects:	T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS155 Production control. Production planning. Production management
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Environment Engineering > 25101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Totok Setiawan
Date Deposited:	12 Jun 2023 01:09
Last Modified:	12 Jun 2023 01:09
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/98021

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