Pra Desain Pabrik Bauksit Grade Refraktori dari Bauksit Alam

Hermawan, Ferdy and Yusuf, Alfiannur Rona Fadhly (2023) Pra Desain Pabrik Bauksit Grade Refraktori dari Bauksit Alam. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pasar global untuk bauksit grade refraktori menunjukkan di kisaran angka USD 15,59 miliar pada tahun 2021 dan diprediksi akan terus berkembang dengan rate per tahun sebesar sebesar 1,7% dari tahun 2022 hingga 2030. Di lain sisi, pasar lokal untuk bauksit grade refraktori menunjukkan kebutuhan akan bauksit ini di angka 250.000 ton per tahun. Namun, dari total kebutuhan tersebut hanya 88.000 ton yang mampu diproduksi dalam negeri dengan 50% bahan baku tersebut yang diproduksi dalam negeri dan sisanya diimpor. Sumber daya bauksit yang melimpah yang terdapat di Kalimantan dapat digunakan untuk menutup defisit produksi ini.
Pabrik bauksit grade refraktori dengan kapasitas 200.000 ton/tahun membutuhkan 35838,28 kg/jam bauksit didirikan di Kawasan industri PT. ANTAM dengan pertimbangan ketersediaan bahan baku, kondisi alam lokasi pabrik, ketersediaan air, ketersediaan energi dan listrik, aksesibilitas dan transportasi, dan tenaga kerja.
Proses peningkatan grade bauksit dimulai dengan proses size reduction. Kemudian, bauksit akan dialirkan menuju proses leaching menggunakan HCl 10 M dalam reaktor berpengaduk kontinyu (CSTR) untuk melarutkan kandungan besi oksida. Slurry bauksit yang dihasilkan pada CSTR akan dipisahkan dengan bauksit menggunakan Decanter Centrifuge. Bauksit akan mengalami proses kalsinasi menggunakan Rotary Kiln hingga suhu 1600°C. Hasil yang didapatkan sesuai dengan standar spesifikasi bauksit refraktori yaitu memiliki kadar alumina tinggi hingga 83,8%. Bauksit Grade Refraktori lalu didinginkan pada Clinker Cooler sebelum disimpan pada storage.
Berdasarkan analisa ekonomi yang telah dilakukan, dibutuhkan investasi total sebesar Rp301.016.176.382,9, dimana setelah proses konstruksi 3 tahun, didapatkan nilai IRR 31,92% dan Pay Out Time 3 tahun 3 bulan, dengan WACC sebesar 6,03%. Dengan melihat aspek penilaian analisis ekonomi tersebut, maka dapat dikatakan Pabrik Bauksit Refraktori dari Bauksit Alam ini layak untuk didirikan.
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The global market for refractory grade bauxite is in the range of USD 15.59 billion in 2021 and is predicted to continue to grow at an annual rate of 1.7% from 2022 to 2030. On the other hand, the local market for refractory grade bauxite shows the need for bauxite is 250,000 tons per year. However, of the total demand, only 88,000 tonnes can be produced domestically, with 50% of the raw material being produced domestically and the rest imported. The abundant bauxite resources found in Kalimantan can be used to cover this production deficit.
A refractory grade bauxite factory with a capacity of 200,000 tonnes/year requiring 35838.28 kg/hour of bauxite was established in the industrial area of PT. ANTAM taking into account the availability of raw materials, the natural conditions of the factory location, the availability of water, the availability of energy and electricity, accessibility and transportation, and manpower.
The process of increasing the grade of bauxite begins with the size reduction process. Then, the bauxite will flow to the leaching process using 10 M HCl in a continuously stirred reactor (CSTR) to dissolve the iron oxide content. The bauxite slurry produced at CSTR will be separated from the bauxite using a Decanter Centrifuge. Bauxite will undergo a calcination process using a Rotary Kiln up to 1600°C. The results obtained are in accordance with the standard specifications for refractory bauxite, which has a high alumina content of up to 83.8%. Refractory Grade Bauxite is then cooled in a Clinker Cooler before being stored in storage.
Based on the economic analysis that has been carried out, a total investment of IDR 301,016,176,382.9 is required, where after a 3-year construction process, an IRR value of 31.92% is obtained and a Pay Out Time of 3 years and 3 months, with a WACC of 6.03%. By looking at the aspects of the economic analysis assessment, it can be said that the Refractory Bauxite Factory from Natural Bauxite is feasible to establish.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	bauksit, leaching, refraktori.
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Ferdy Hermawan
Date Deposited:	01 Aug 2023 04:19
Last Modified:	01 Aug 2023 04:19
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/100327

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