Improving Cost Efficiency of Domestic Fertilizer Distribution Using System Dynamics Approach (Case Study:Gresik-Lembar-Sumbawa-Makassar)

Ramadhan, Rayhan Damar (2023) Improving Cost Efficiency of Domestic Fertilizer Distribution Using System Dynamics Approach (Case Study:Gresik-Lembar-Sumbawa-Makassar). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Fertilizer has a huge market in Indonesia based from its position as an agrarian country, thus a lot of foreign and domestic try to expand its market in Indonesia..Moreover, the amount of big fertilizer producer in Eastern Indonesia has is only one in Kalimantan, while other region like Sulawesi, Maluku, Nusa Tenggara, and Papua has no big fertilizer producer. Thus, PT. Petrokimia Gresik is expanding its market gradually to Eastern Indonesia. Market expansion means the company must accommodate more distribution, but the high cost of transportation can caused inefficiency of distribution cost. This research aims to design distribution scenario using system dynamics to breakdown complex system consisted in the distribution design, simulate, and improve the cost efficiency of fertilizer distribution in Lembar, Sumbawa and Makassar. The chosen alternative scenario are single trip and milk run scenario where both will be simulated. There are also several variables that influence the distribution cost which are the ship capacity, ship speed, fuel consumption, destination distance, and ship route, those variable is applied with the alternative scenario and generate 31 scenarios in total. Then the objective of the simulation are conducting 3 analysis which are distribution responsiveness analysis where deficit in all scenarios are analyzed, distribution cost analysis where the lowest distribution cost possible can be chosen, and reliability stock analysis, where the chosen scenario will be analyzed based from its ability to deliver fertilizer according to the minimum required stock in warehouse combined with demand growth with several percentage scenario and will be projected for 20 years. The result of simulation shows that the milk run scenario with ship capacity of 9000 tonnes and speed 11 knot can generate zero deficit, able to maintain minimum stock for 20 years, and generate lower distribution cost which is Rp 37.826.648.823 or Rp 426.870 per ton.
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Sebagai negara agraris, pupuk memiliki pasar yang besar di Indonesia, sehinggabanyak perusahaan asing maupun domestik yang mencoba untuk memperluas pasar merekadiIndonesia. Selain itu, jumlah produsen pupuk besar di Indonesia Timur hanyasatudiKalimantan, sementara wilayah lain seperti Sulawesi, Maluku, Nusa Tenggara, danPapuatidak memiliki produsen pupuk dengan skala besar. Oleh karena itu, PT. PetrokimiaGresiksecara bertahap di daerah Indonesia Timur. Ekspansi pasar berarti perusahaan haruslebihbanyak mengakomodasi distribusi, namun biaya transportasi yang tinggi dapat menyebabkanbiaya distribusi yang tidak efisien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancangskenariodistribusi menggunakan metode dinamika sistem yang difungsikan untuk menjabarkansistemkompleks pada desain distribusi untuk meningkatkan efisiensi biaya distribusi pupukdiLembar, Sumbawa, dan Makassar. Skenario alternatif yang dipilih adalah skenariosingletripdan milk run yang keduanya akan disimulasikan. Terdapat beberapa variabel yangmempengaruhi biaya distribusi, yaitu kapasitas kapal, kecepatan kapal, konsumsi bahanbakar,jarak tujuan, dan rute kapal. Tujuan simulasi adalah melakukan 3 analisa meliputi analisadistribution responsiveness dimana setiap skenario akan dianalisa defisit di setiapdestinasi,dan analisa distribution cost di mana biaya distribusi terendah akan dipilih, dananalisareliability stock, di mana skenario yang dipilih akan dianalisa berdasarkan kemampuanuntukmengirimkan pupuk sesuai dengan persediaan minimum yang diperlukan di gudangyangdikombinasikan dengan pertumbuhan demand dan akan diproyeksikan selama 20 tahun. Hasilsimulasi menunjukkan bahwa skenario milk run dengan kapasitas kapal 9000 tondan kecepatan 11 knot dapat menghasilkan nol defisit, mampu mempertahankan stokminimumselama 20 tahun, dan menghasilkan biaya distribusi yang rendah, yaitu Rp 37.826.648.823atau Rp 426.870 per ton.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Cost efficiency, Distribution, Fertilizer, Logistics, System Dynamics, System Dynamics Modelling
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > HE Transportation and Communications
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Engineering > 36202-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Rayhan Damar Ramadhan
Date Deposited:	09 Nov 2023 09:01
Last Modified:	09 Nov 2023 09:01
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/101890

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